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The Youth Challenge International (YCI) is examined to provide a comprehensive theoretical analysis of volunteering as a form of tourism experience. A discussion is presented of the three elements considered important to this type of tourism, that of ecotourism, volunteerism and serious leisure. In synthesizing these elements via an interactionist perspective, it can be seen that the role of participants is paramount in all alternative tourist experiences.

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This study sought to identify the distinctive elements of wilderness settings that contribute to triggering peak experiences. Thirty-nine participants who had visited wilderness areas were recruited using a voluntary wilderness registration system operated by the Victorian National Parks Service, Australia. Using a postal survey participants were asked to provide a written response to an open-ended question requesting them to describe, in their own words, a peak experience in wilderness. A conventional approach to qualitative content analysis of the participants' descriptions revealed the aesthetic qualities of the wilderness setting and being away from the pressures, people, distractions, and concerns of the human-made world were key elements in their peak experiences. In order to gain an understanding of this phenomenon the concept and theory of restorative environments was applied to the participants' experiences. This analysis suggested that wilderness settings provide a mix of aesthetic pleasure and renewal that can lead to a triggering of peak experiences which provides the basis for individual spiritual expression.

The Municipality of Mentawai Islands is the only regency in West Sumatra Province in a form of islands which has different regional characteristics with other cities and regencies in the province. It consists of a small and large group of 99 islands surrounded by the Indian Ocean. The distance between the Municipality of Mentawai Islands and the provincial capital of Padang is about 62 nautical miles. Sea and air transports become main transportation. However, sea transport is often used rather than air transport. The only route of air transport is from Rokot to Padang and otherwise using small plane (Susi Air). Based on the results of the research, the transportation costs to experience the significant resources of Mentawai Islands with its natural scenery and underwater beauty is expensive due to the inadequate of transportation accessibility.

Consumer culture and neoliberal political economy are often viewed by social psychologists as topics reserved for anthropologists, economists, political scientists and sociologists. This paper takes an alternative view arguing that social psychology needs to better understand these two intertwined institutions as they can both challenge and provide a number of important insights into social psychological theories of self-identity and their related concepts. These include personality traits, self-esteem, social comparisons, self-enhancement, impression management, self-regulation and social identity. To illustrate, we examine how elements of consumer culture and neoliberal political economy intersect with social psychological concepts of self-identity through three main topics: 'the commodification of self-identity', 'social categories, culture and power relations' and the 'governing of selfregulating consumers'. In conclusion, we recommend a decommodified approach to research with the aim of producing social psychological knowledge that avoids becoming enmeshed with consumer culture and neoliberalism.Key Words: consumer culture, decommodification, neoliberalism, political economy, selfidentity. 1 The following analysis draws on material from the authors' book on social psychology and consumer culture (McDonald & Wearing, 2013). Consumer Culture & Neoliberal Political Economy 2 IntroductionConsumer culture has become a significant phenomenon in Western societies. Consumer items are viewed as "important and valuable in their own right" so that many people's lives revolve around the consumption of products, services and experiences that are mediated by the market (Ritzer, 2007, p. 164). As societal institutions, consumer culture and neoliberalism set many of the rules that both constrain and empower social behaviour (Binkley, 2014; Campbell, 2001; King & Pearce, 2010;Rose, 1996;1999), they provide society with "patterned, organised, and symbolically-templated 'ways of doing things'" (Jenkins, 2000, p. 10).Given the important role that consumer culture and neoliberalism play in people's lives, it stands to reason that these two institutions be analysed in relation to self-identity as 'social influence', broadly defined, is one of social psychology's main areas of research. Social psychology's reluctance to engage with societal institutions like consumer culture and neoliberalism is likely due to a perception that these are topics reserved for anthropologists, economists, political scientists and sociologists. In line with Parker (2015), we argue that engaging with insights across the broader social sciences can provide social psychology with a theoretical understanding of contemporary cultural, political and economic trends effecting society.Research on consumer culture in social psychology has typically taken a microsocial perspective, examining consumer behaviours such as product choice and decision making by focusing on individual social cognitions (e.g. Bagozzi, Gurhan-Canli & Priester, 2002; Kardes...

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