Benchmarking has been used as a tool, a methodology and a technique for continuous improvements in sectoral operations to gain and maintain competitive advantage. This was a survey of benchmarking practices in higher education in Kenya, the case of public universities, whose objectives were; to document the benchmarking activities in the public universities; to establish the challenges facing the public universities in benchmarking. Cross sectional survey was used in this study to collect data from the six public universities with their respective campuses/schools in the population of interest. The respondents were senior administrators and the academic staff. Of the 53 informants who were sampled, 31 responded, thus, a response rate was of 58 percent.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and summarize the data before presenting it in the form of proportions, means, tables and graphs. This was in line with the first and second objectives, which were actually answered in relation to the benchmarking practices in the academic function of public universities in Kenya. The study found out that continuous improvement systems in Kenyan public universities are good, not excellent. The external drivers of change/continuous improvements in public universities are the customers/students as opposed to legislation, while the major internal trigger of change is the actual performance. The public universities effectively and successfully benchmark for continuous improvement. The Kenyan public universities use action research and performance indicators as the sources of referencing information on benchmarks. The most common type of benchmarking in use is development/improvement benchmarking and planning to make use of international benchmarking. Finally, the three critical factors that have influenced the success of benchmarking practices are: time and resource availability: limited duration, comparability and compatibility, which are reasons why the institutions don't practice international benchmarking.
Construction contract management strategies are key in the achievement of a firms’ objectives. Construction projects are key in any economy due to their high contributions to the economy since they are key in facilitation of key activities. The study was on CMS and project performance of KENHA. The study objectives were to determine the extent of implementation of CMS in KENHA and to establish the effect of CMS on project performance in KENHA. The study adopted a descriptive statics. The study adopted use of strategic choice and agency theory. In the research methodology, the study adopted use descriptive statics. The target population consisted of 40 staff at KENHA. The study used primary data which was collected using questionnaires that were administered through drop and pick method. The supply chain managers, procurement managers or their equivalent were the respondents in KENHA. Data collected was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Findings were displayed by use of tables for easy understanding. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings from the study revealed that CMS had been implemented in KENHA to a large extent. The study findings revealed positive and significant relationship between CMS and project performance. The research also concludes that 83% of project performance is affected by implementation of CMS at KENHA. The study recommends that future studies be carried out on CMS on other firms other than KENHA. In addition, we need to have a holistic view of other firms other than KENHA alone. The major limitation of the study was that it was solely based on KENHA.
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