This case demonstrates an unusual clinical manifestation of syphilis in a patient with HIV infection and emphasizes the importance of considering cutaneous secondary syphilis in the differential diagnosis of virtually any inflammatory cutaneous disorder in HIV-seropositive individuals.
hat separates two people most profoundly is a different sense and degree of cleanliness. What avails all decency and mutual usefulness and good will toward each other-in the end the fact remains: "They can't stand each other's smell! "-Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil.For some time I have been collecting material for a book on changing attitudes towards the human body. In the course of my research 1 began to gather some information on a subject that I had not envisioned at the outset-the sense of smell. I gradually came to see that recognition of the role of odors in human affairs was a good index to the extent to which society was willing to concede that human beings were indeed corporeal beings, closely linked with the animal world. Both the hairiness of man and his smells were the most pressing reminders of his animal ancestry. The willingness to study smells was the most convincing evidence that I have been able to uncover in support of the general argument that after 1850European society began to come to terms with the corporeal side of human existence and challenge the sexually repressive morality that so strongly influenced European life in the early part of the century.In spite of the emphasis on the role of the senses that dominated eighteenth-century psychology, the function of the "lower senses"-taste and smell-was largely neglected by philosophers and psychologists alike. Kant had assigned little importance to the sense of smell, and there were few studies of it in the early nineteenth century. Hippolyte doquet's Osphre'siologie, ou trait; des odeurs, du sens e t des organes de I'olfaction (1821) offered the first systematic study of the physiology and psychology of the olfactory system. Interest in smells was revived around the mid century because of the popular theory
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