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clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00091637.

223 Background: AMH in the general population is common, occurring in up to 9-18%. Even low degrees of AMH have been considered a risk factor for UTMT. Although the prevalence of UTMT is low (.01-3%), many asymptomatic patients undergo unnecessary and hazardous evaluations. In 2007, the Kaiser Permanente (KP) Urologists started a multi-year QI effort to research and develop a risk stratified evidence-based approach in the evaluation of AMH. Methods: The group first conducted a retrospective analysis to determine the incidence of urinary cancer, and stratify risk according to age, gender, smoking history, and degree of hematuria. A multi-regional prospective, observational study was then conducted over a two year period. We used a data collection tool embedded within an EMR to determine patients with AMH who are at greatest risk for UTMT, and patients who might benefit from urologic evaluation or safely avoid unnecessary workup and radiation exposure. Results: 4,414 patients had full urologic work up. Overall, 100 bladder cancers were diagnosed among 4,414 patients (2.3%), and only 11 renal cancers (0.2%) were pathologically confirmed. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted for 5 common parameters: age, gender, smoking history, degree of microscopic hematuria, and history of gross hematuria within the past 6 months. The two most important risk factors were age > 50, and prior history of gross hematuria. A hematuria risk index (HRI) was developed, which significantly improved predictability (AUC = .809-HRI vs .532-AUA guideline). Overall, 32% of the population was identified as low risk with only 0.2% cancer detected; 14% of the population was identified as high risk, of whom 11.1% had a cancer diagnosed. Conclusions: These results suggest that a considerable proportion of patients may safely avoid hazardous evaluation using multivariate risk stratification. An evidence-based algorithm was developed for the management of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria and implemented within KP. We expect to significantly improve patient safety and improve reliability of patient evaluation.

The majority of patients with pT3 prostate cancer will not experience recurrent disease for many years if ever. Immediate use of adjuvant treatment should be reserved for those patients with a high risk of recurrent disease.

BACKGROUND: A study was conducted to determine the 5-year recurrence-free survival in patients with high-risk prostate cancer after neoadjuvant combination chemotherapy followed by surgery. Secondary endpoints included safety, pathologic effects of chemotherapy, and predictors of disease recurrence. METHODS: Fifty-seven patients were enrolled in a phase 1/2 study of weekly docetaxel 35 mg/m 2 and escalating mitoxantrone to 4 mg/m 2 before

A direct vision urethrotome was used to incise the perineal membrane and join the proximal bulbous urethra to the dorsal prostate in 4 men with totally obliterated posterior urethras following pelvic fractures. All 4 patients have maintained patent urethras for 2 to 9 months. Progressive dilation has not been required in 3 men. A repeat internal urethrotomy was necessary in 1 patient who currently requires urethral sounding every 6 weeks. A comparison with 8 previous transpubic urethroplasties for the same surgical problem revealed a significant decrease in blood loss and hospital stay with direct vision urethrotomy. Transurethral incision of the obliterated posterior urethra following a crushing injury to the pelvis may be a reasonable initial procedure for restoring urethral continuity prior to more extensive urethroplasty.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the public's willingness to perform the do-it-yourself Hemoccult Test for colon-rectum cancer and to assess the relative effectiveness of alternative means of persuading people to do the test. American Cancer Society volunteers in four different parts of the country contacted a total of 11,115 members of the American Association of Retired Persons, using five methods that differed in the extent of personal and impersonal contact involved. Other variables such as inclusion of postage and dietary restrictions were studied and cost

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