No abstract

This in vitro study investigated the shear bond strengths of sectioned bovine incisal edge fragments reattached using Gluma 2000 and Scotchbond 2. Teeth were sectioned 3 mm from the incisal edge using an Acutome with a 0.5 mm diamond wheel running at 90 degrees to the mesial or distal surface of the tooth. Twenty four incisal fragments were rebonded with each of the dentine bonding agents; a further 24 intact incisors were used as a control group. The control group required a mean fracture force of 940(+/- 144) N which was significantly greater (p < 0.01) than that required to fracture fragments rebonded using GLUMA 2000 (609 +/- 116) N and Scotchbond 2 (393 +/- 97) N. The mean force required to fracture incisal fragments rebonded with GLUMA 2000 was significantly greater (p < 0.01) than that required to fracture incisal fragments rebonded with Scotchbond 2.

No abstract

This study aimed to investigate the influence of low-power 830 nm gallium-aluminium-arsenide (GaAlAs) laser [continuous wave (CW) 40 mW and fluence 4 J/cm(2), with total energy density of 16 J/cm(2)] on the healing of human infra-bony defects treated with bioactive glass graft material. Twenty patients with chronic periodontitis and bilateral infra-bony defects were included. Using a split mouth design, we treated 20 defects with bioactive glass plus laser irradiation during surgical procedures and on days 3, 5, 7 postoperatively; 20 contra-lateral defects were treated with bioactive glass only. Clinical probing pocket depths, clinical attachment levels and standardized periapical radiographs were recorded at baseline and at 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. At 3 months there was a statistically significant difference between the laser and non-laser sites in the parameters investigated. However, at 6 months, no difference was observed. Our results have confirmed the positive effect of soft laser in accelerating periodontal wound healing.

A total of 315 porcelain labial veneers were fitted in 96 patients in two teaching hospitals, between July 1986 and October 1991, and were evaluated after a period of up to 63 months. During the evaluation period 53 (17%) restorations in 31 (32%) patients presented with a problem at review. Of these, 25 (8%) were of a minor nature and the veneer remained in use while 34 (11%) debonded or were removed. Increased problem and failure rates were associated with veneers placed on existing restorations, where tooth surface loss had occurred prior to treatment, and where inappropriate luting agents were employed. Age, gender, fabrication technique (platinum foil or refractory die), use of rubber dam and year of bonding were not significant factors.

No abstract

The Respimat Ò Soft Mist TM Inhaler represents a unique delivery system for respiratory medications, using an innovative concept with major technological advancements made during prototype development. The Respimat Ò concept was driven by the intent to solve problems associated with existing inhaler devices for patient use. The following core aims were achieved: (1) avoiding propellants while reducing requirements for patient coordination and inspiratory effort; (2) optimizing drug delivery to the lungs, and; (3) improving the patients' experience of taking their inhaled medication. The RespimatÒ inhaler is the first-marketed, pocket-sized inhaler to successfully generate a metered dose of therapeutic aerosol mist from an aqueous solution. Patient feedback has strongly influenced the evolution of the Respimat Ò inhaler design and instructions for use. The availability of Respimat Ò augments options for clinicians and patients seeking to choose an inhaler that can effectively and consistently deliver respiratory medication to targeted areas of the lung. In many countries worldwide, Respimat Ò is available for the administration of tiotropium, olodaterol (and tiotropium/olodaterol in fixed-dose combination), ipratropium/fenoterol, and ipratropium/albuterol. Funding: Boehringer Ingelheim.

A total of 382 resin bonded bridges and splints were fitted, in 309 patients, in a teaching hospital. The restorations were evaluated after a period ranging from 5 months to 8 years. During the evaluation period 125 restorations (33%) debonded of which 69 (55%) were rebonded. The survival rates of the rebonded restorations at first, second, third or fourth rebond, where necessary, did not differ from the survival rate of the same restorations up to the first debond. Restorations constructed using the Rochette design had a significantly higher debond rate than the other designs. However, since they also exhibited a high rebond rate Rochette restorations continued to perform well over the study period. Splints had a higher debond rate as did restorations placed in patients in the age group 11 to 20 years, restorations involving more than two abutment teeth, and restorations containing more than one tooth pontic.