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Two assemblages of organic-walled microfossils have been recognized in drillcore samples from the late Proterozoic Rodda Beds in theeastern Officer Basin, South Australia. The fossils include tube-like remains and large, simple and sculptured acritarchs. Lithostratigraphic studies and seismic information, in conjunction with previous (albeit limited) acritarch finds, allow local correlation of the Rodda Beds with Ediacaran or terminal Proterozoic sequences in the northern Adelaide Fold Belt (site of the nominated Ediacaran stratotype). The new palynofloras are comparable withacritarch assemblages in the Amadeus Basin of central Australia, and suggest tentative correlations with sequences in China and the U.S.S.R. The presence of isotopically heavy marine carbonate in the lower fossiliferous horizons of the Rodda Beds (σ13CPDB = +3 to +6%0) is consistent with isotopic data from the equivalent interval in China. In contrast, the upper fossiliferous strata occur higher in the Rodda Beds where carbonate is significantly lighter (σ13CPDB = -1 to + 3%0).