A set of experiments on immediate probed recognition of digit triples is reported in which the variables were list length (five, six, seven, or eight triples), the probability that a probe was old (.33, .5, or .67), and whether the digit triples were presented with an auditory component or articulatory suppression. Previous work had suggested that the false alarm (FA) rate in this paradigm was lower when auditory information was available than when it was not; this observation had led to the development of the partial matching theory of immediate probed recognition, according to which FAs could arise not only as a result of unlucky guesses but also when new probes shared a first digit in common with a partially retained target triple. It was argued that partial memory representations were less likely following auditory presentation than following articulatory suppression, Partial matching theory is contrasted with the rational response theory, according to which all FAs are unlucky guesses; partial matching theory gave a better account of the present experimental data than did rational response theory. However, a logical relationship between the two theories was suggested, a consequence of which was that rational response theory could be modified to include partial matching in such a way as to account for mirror effects, not only in unusually difficult immediate probed recognition tasks, but also in the more commonly studied mixed test list paradigm involving words of high or low frequency.These six experiments were first described in honours theses by 1.B" S.c., N.C., K.O., TT, and TW. They were supervised by D.1.M. in the academic year 1994-95. Diane E. Birch assisted substantially in the development of the computer program, originally designed by Lorraine Farrell, that controlled the presentation of the targets and probes and summarized the subjects' responses in terms of hit rates, false alarm rates, and other summary statistics. N.C. adapted Birch's computer program so that the probability ofan old probe could be independently manipulated and was also responsible for suggesting how the degree of partial matching between new probes and targets might best be calculated. TT initiated the move to try to estimate false alarm rates on the basis ofpartial matches between retained elements and elements of new probes. S.c. corrected an earlier error made in the development ofrationa I response theory. Sylvia Hains carried out all the analyses of'variance and calculations of d L , P" C L , B" and standard errors using the Queen's University mainframe computer, The personal computers used in these experiments were also provided by Queen's University. Maureen Freedman and Rachel Murray typed the manuscript, B.F. aided substantially in drafting the manuscript and in reanalyzing data collected earlier, Rob Ellis taught us how to use spreadsheets provided by Microsoft Excel, and Monica Hurt did the illustrations. Some ofthe expenses of manuscript preparation were borne by a research grant from the Social Sciences and Hum...
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