Different countries have different institutional environments. In this way, multinational companies must deal with the difficulties imposed by the differences between their home environment and that of the country where they are inserted. In this article, we analyze the effects of institutional distance on South-South acquisitions. Specifically, we analyze the effect of institutional distance on the amount of participation chosen in Latin American international acquisitions in Brazil. More specifically, the effect of institutional distance is analyzed through the percentage of shares acquired in international acquisitions. Our results contribute to the theory in international business because it explains why Latin American companies prefer to make total acquisitions even in situations of high institutional distances.
Purpose: The study proposes a conceptual framework on how institutions influence risk and uncertainty. Beyond the nuances in defining the concepts in the existing literature, the role of institutions in shaping risks and uncertainties remains understudied. This paper adopts the new institutional economics (NIE) perspective to revisit the concepts of risk and uncertainty and provide a deeper reflection about its interactions with formal and informal institutions. Method: Our conceptual model is based on four propositions that support a theoretical explanation about the relationships between institutions and uncertainties, institutions and risks, and uncertainties and risks. Findings: While formal institutions have a primary role in reducing uncertainties, informal institutions can be seen as a source of risk. These findings imply firms’ strategic decisions. In this regard, we also provide a research agenda for future empirical studies in the area. Originality/value: The study highlights the importance of institutions for companies to deal with risk and uncertainties. The institutions have a primary role in defining the “known part” of the uncertainty, allowing the companies to evaluate the different scenarios for decision-making. Theoretical/Methodological Contributions: This study differentiates risk and uncertainty interaction according to institutional theory. Additionally, we offer an academic discussion of how formal and informal institutions can shape risks and uncertainties.
Resumo Introdução A tomada de decisão, num ambiente complexo como de uma UTI pode sofrer diversas interferências e ocasionar a alta precoce de um paciente para um setor de menor complexidade. Objetivo Objetiva-se analisar o perfil de pacientes que foram readmitidos, em menos de 24 horas, na UTI de um hospital privado. Método Esta análise foi realizada por meio do método de correspondências múltiplas, utilizando-se um corte longitudinal, e os dados foram extraídos do sistema Epimed. Resultados Os resultados apontam que o perfil de readmissão se caracterizou pelos pacientes do sexo feminino, com idades entre 0 e 30 anos. A origem desses pacientes é do tipo clínica com diagnóstico predominantemente cardiológico e hematológico. Esse achado pode auxiliar na prevenção da reinternação, visto que os dados interferem no indicador de qualidade do setor, podendo, assim, definir estratégias e meios para minimizar a reinternação. Conclusão Conclui-se, a partir do perfil de pacientes que foram readmitidos na UTI em menos de 24, que há necessidade de cuidado especial para pacientes jovens, do sexo feminino e com diagnóstico cardiológico e hematológico. Esses resultados servem de apoio à tomada de decisão da alta dos pacientes.
The lack of boundaries in cyberspace contributes to geopolitical disputes, as data and technology are weaponized across borders, and hacking of critical infrastructure becomes pervasive. But we lack a framework for understanding the tangible impact of geopolitical tensions and digital proxy conflict on states and firms. We argue that governments and companies can gain insights into these tensions by examining who controls the main structural power pillars of the international political economy: production, security, knowledge, and finance. Based on this approach, we consider how policymakers and practitioners can engage and navigate digital geopolitics in an age of uncertainty.
Purpose of the study: To analyze the effects of the public policies carried out by the Brazilian government on the attraction of foreign direct investment.Methodology/approach: Exploratory and quantitative study uses of multiple linear regression models.Originality / Relevance: In this study we show the political-economics influences on foreign investment strategies, pointing out which policies have affected the attraction of FDI in Brazil.Main Results: The results show that the Plano Real, COPOM and PAC were the most successful public policies on attracting foreign direct investment in the period of the study.Theoretical / methodological contributions: Public policies influence foreign investment in Brazil. Specifically, the study shows that policies aimed at economic and institutional stability are the most important factors for attracting FDI.Keywords: Institutions. Brazilian Public Policy. FDI
PurposeCultural distance can be a challenge for internationalization. However, in some instances, it is possible that different cultures could represent a benefit for multinational enterprises (MNEs) from emerging contexts. Drawing on the knowledge-based view (KBV), the authors propose that greater cultural distances lead to benefits for multinationals seeking to absorb new knowledge overseas.Design/methodology/approachThe authors performed ordinary least squares regressions with moderation tests over a database containing 101 cross-border acquisitions to test the study’s hypotheses. The acquisitions were performed by Brazilian firms between 1995 and 2015, targeting 24 host countries.FindingsThe study’s results indicate that cultural distance positively affects the firm's post-acquisition performance and that absorptive capacity moderates these results, improving the positive effect. The study suggests that cultural diversity is an asset for the multinationals in question.Practical implicationsWhen deciding to invest in a foreign country, managers should consider this cultural diversity as one more value creation driver, especially if the firm has well-developed innovation capabilities.Originality/valueThe study’s findings contribute to the international business literature providing further evidence that emerging markets multinationals can create value in acquisitions through the firm's abilities to exploit cultural asymmetries. Thus, the authors also emphasize that absorptive capacity plays a strategic role in multinational's international strategies.
Na literatura, é possível detectar um distanciamento da academia com as competências exigidas no mercado de trabalho. Esse distanciamento, pode ser considerado um fator que influencia diretamente no desempenho dos alunos em sala de aula. O conhecimento prático deve partir do professor para que então as competências possam ser desenvolvidas nos alunos. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo é investigar a percepção dos discentes sobre as competências dos docentes, durante o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A amostra correspondeu a 162 discentes de duas instituições de ensino superior. Para análise, foi utilizada a análise fatorial, a fim de identificar fatores comuns entre as variáveis. Os resultados identificados nesta pesquisa indicam que as competências dos professores estão divididas em seis domínios: Relacionamento, Conhecimento, Conduta, Interesse, Organização e Integridade. Estas dimensões são consideradas na literatura como características de um bom professor. Como contribuição este estudo desmembra a análise da competência do docente no processo de ensino aprendizagem, e propõem fatores específicos do C.H.A que podem ser utilizados em instrumentos de mensuração futuros.
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