Background: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a prostatic epithelial protein that is used as a radiotracer (68Ga-PSMA-11) for prostate cancer staging. PSMA-PET/ CT (positron emission tomography/computed tomography) performed for prostate cancer has been observed to detect melanoma metastases. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of PSMA immunohistochemistry on resected melanoma metastases to explore its use as a diagnostic imaging biomarker for melanoma. Methods: A total of 41 specimens with stage III/IV melanoma were stained with PSMA immunohistochemistry. All specimens required both disease and control regions. Two pathologists scored the specimens and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted. Western blot and multiplex immunofluorescence were also performed. Results: The area under the ROC curve was 0.82, suggesting that PSMA has excellent discriminatory power in melanoma metastases. Sensitivity is 82.9% and specificity 73.2%. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot reveal that PSMA staining in melanoma consistently and most intensely occurs in tumor neovasculature. Multiplex immunofluorescence shows that melanocytes may also weakly express PSMA. Conclusion: The performance of PSMA immunohistochemistry in melanoma metastases contrasts with that reported in prostate cancer studies. This study indicates that PSMA shows promise for use as a novel biomarker in melanoma and justifies further research in the clinical setting with potential as a PET/CT radiotracer and intraoperative fluorescence marker for melanoma.
Cette note de recherche fait ressortir quelques indicateurs permettant de mieux connaître les ménages qui demeurent hors de la société de consommation en voie de consolidation à Montréal entre 1945 et 1975. En ayant recours aux données statistiques et à divers travaux, surtout contemporains de la période à l’étude, elle procède à une mise en lumière de quelques aspects de la géographie de la pauvreté de la ville et des municipalités adjacentes ainsi que des appartenances sociales des ménages exclus de l’abondance des Trente Glorieuses. Il en ressort qu’hier comme aujourd’hui, la pauvreté étend davantage son emprise sur certains quartiers de la ville ainsi que sur les Autochtones, les membres de certaines communautés culturelles, les familles nombreuses et les ménages dont la chef est une femme.This research note highlights some of the main characteristics of households that remained outside of consumer society during a period of relative prosperity, between 1945 and 1975 in Montréal. Relying on statistical surveys and various studies, most of which were performed during the period under study, it describes aspects of the geography of poverty in the city and neighbouring municipalities, and examines the social makeup of households excluded from prosperity within a so-called affluent society. It shows that, much like today, some neighbourhoods and some groups—namely indigenous peoples, members of certain ethnic communities, large families, and households with female heads—were more likely to be in a state of economic hardship
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