Uveitis is a leading causes of blindness worldwide, and the development of cataracts is common due to both the presence of intraocular inflammation and the most commonly employed treatment with corticosteroids. The management of these cataracts can be very challenging and often requires additional procedures that can compromise surgical results. The underlying disease affects a relatively young population at higher risk of complications. Preoperative control of inflammation/quiescent disease for at least three months is generally accepted as the minimum amount of time prior to surgical intervention. Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens is the preferred method for surgery, with some studies showing improvement in visual acuity in over 90% of patients. The most common postoperative complications include macular edema, posterior capsule opacification, recurrent or persistent inflammation, glaucoma, epiretinal membrane and IOL deposits, or dislocation. Despite the potential complications, cataract surgery in uveitis patients is considered a safe and successful procedure.

BackgroundMost patients with migraine report photophobia associated with headache; a subset report interictal photophobia. These patients are light sensitive even during headache-free periods. The objective of this case–control study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in migraine patients with and without interictal photophobia.MethodsWe recruited 16 subjects with migraine and interictal photophobia, 16 age- and gender-matched migraine subjects without interictal photophobia, and 16 age- and gender- matched controls. Migraine subjects met International Headache Society classification criteria. Participants completed a photophobia questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Chi-square analyses and two-tailed Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for the analyses.ResultsSubjects with interictal photophobia had significantly higher scores on the photophobia questionnaire compared to subjects without interictal photophobia. Subjects with interictal photophobia had significantly higher scores on the BDI-II and BAI compared to subjects without interictal photophobia.ConclusionsMigraine patients with interictal photophobia are more likely to manifest symptoms of depression and anxiety compared to migraine patients without interictal photophobia. Care providers should be aware of increased prevalence of these symptoms in this population and consider appropriate referrals. Future research could assess whether treatment of photophobia leads to improvements in symptoms of depression and anxiety in migraine patients.

Acute retinal necrosis is a rare yet devastating disease, with significant ocular morbidity. Over the past several decades, initial treatment regimens have shifted from intravenous antivirals requiring hospital admission to the routine use of oral antivirals with intravitreal antivirals for immediate local control. Given the rarity of this disease process and a lack of large-scale research trials, debate continues over recommended practice guidelines. In this paper, we review current diagnostic criteria and recommend a treatment algorithm based on available evidence.

Hypovitaminosis D was associated with increased risk of ocular inflammation in this retrospective study.