The fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) electrospun composite scaffolds was presented in this study. Layers of electrospun meshes made from composites of poly(lactide-coglycolide acid) (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) were stacked and sintered using pressurized gas. Three HA concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 wt % were tested, and the addition of the HA nanoparticles decreased the tensile mechanical properties of the meshes with 20 wt % HA. However, after the gas absorption process, the fibers within the mesh sintered, which improved the mechanical properties more than twofold. The fabrication of 3D, porous, electrospun scaffolds was also demonstrated. The resulting 3D scaffolds had open porosity of up to 70% and modulus of $20 MPa. This technique improves on the current electrospinning technology by overcoming the challenges of depositing a thick, 3D structure. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 50: [242][243][244][245][246][247][248][249] 2012

Purpose Up to 44% of individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) experience worsening of symptoms after cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Identifying risk for post-treatment worsening of symptoms using latent trajectories of change in eating disorder (ED) symptoms during treatment could allow for personalization of treatment to improve long-term outcomes Methods Participants ( N = 56) with BN-spectrum EDs received 16 sessions of CBT and completed digital self-monitoring of eating episodes and ED behaviors. The Eating Disorder Examination was used to measured ED symptoms at post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. Latent growth mixture modeling of digital self-monitoring data identified latent growth classes. Kruskal–Wallis H tests examined effect of trajectory of change in ED symptoms on post-treatment to follow-up symptom change. Results Multi-class models of change in binge eating, compensatory behaviors, and regular eating improved fit over one-class models. Individuals with high frequency-rapid response in binge eating ( H (1) = 10.68, p =0 .001, η 2 = 0.24) had greater recurrence of compensatory behaviors compared to individuals with low frequency-static response. Individuals with static change in regular eating exhibited greater recurrence of binge eating than individuals with moderate response ( H (1) = 8.99, p = 0.003, η 2 = 0.20). Conclusion Trajectories of change in ED symptoms predict post-treatment worsening of symptoms. Personalized treatment approaches should be evaluated among individuals at risk of poor long-term outcomes. Level of evidence IV, evidence obtained from multiple time series. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT03673540, registration date: September 17, 2018. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40519-021-01348-5.

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Objective Sensor technologies offer exciting potential to objectively measure psychopathological correlates of eating pathology and eating disorder (ED) research utilizing sensors has rapidly proliferated in the past several years. The aims of the present review are: (1) characterize the types of sensors that have been utilized in ED research, (2) identify the psychopathological factors relevant to EDs that have been assessed using sensors, (3) describe the data supporting the validity and reliability of these sensors, (4) discuss limitations associated with these sensors, and (5) identify gaps that persist within the ED literature with regard to use of sensor technologies. Method A systematic search was conducted of PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, and “gray” literature sources. Eligible publications were empirical studies that utilized sensors to measure at least one psychological variable among clinical ED populations. Results Sensors have been utilized with ED samples to measure eating behaviors, physical activity, sleep, autonomic nervous system activity, eyeblink startle response, visual attention, and visual‐haptic object integration. The reliability and validity of these sensors varies widely and there are a number of significant gaps that remain in the literature with regard to the types of sensors utilized, context in which sensors have been used, and populations studied. Discussion The existing literature utilizing sensors within ED research largely support the feasibility and acceptability of these tools. Sensors should continue to be utilized within the field, with a specific focus on examining the reliability and validity of these tools within ED samples and increasing the diversity of samples studied. Public Significance Statement Sensor technologies, such as those included in modern smartwatches, offer new opportunities to measure factors that may maintain or contribute to symptoms of eating disorders. This article describes the types of sensors that have been used in eating disorders research, challenges that may arise in using these sensors, and discusses new applications of these sensors that may be pursued in future research.