With the fast development of highly integrated 77 GHz SiGe-MMICs, cost effective and reliable radar systems are feasible to significantly increase driving safety in all vehicle classes. New features have to be implemented in these sensors to fulfill the ascending requirements for future systems. Important demands will be the detection and separation of multiple targets in a range cell and the exact measurement of angles in azimuth and elevation. In this paper we present a new lens based 77 GHz MIMO radar system with SiGe MMICs. The center of attention in our investigations is the comparison between conventional lens based radar configurations and lens based MIMO radar configurations.
In the last decade radar based driver assistance systems have increased the safety in all vehicle classes and get the access to mass market applications. Currently slow FMCW waveforms are the state of the art principle for automotive radar sensors at 24 GHz and 77 GHz. This contribution presents an innovative 77 GHz multi channel radar sensor, with the capability for fast FMCW PLL locked chirp modulations down to 10 µs. It gives a brief review on short FMCW chirp modulations and its processing. Furthermore the application of compressed sensing algorithms for r/v estimation is discussed and system simulations and measurements are presented.
The demanding tasks for automotive radar systems in multitarget scenarios require an increased target separation performance and new sensor concepts. In this contribution, a highly integrated 77 GHz time domain multiplex (TDM) MIMO radar is presented. The sensor is feasible for advanced direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in azimuth and elevation. For efficient and high-quality measurements a fractional-n phased locked loop (PLL) with integrated waveform generator, enabling chirp and frequency modulated continous waveform (FMCW) modulations, is implemented. Spatial beamforming is done with series feed array patch antennas in combination with a dielectric cylindrical lens. For the improvement of the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation performance a new lens-based MIMO radar approach is introduced. Therefore the classical MIMO approach is combined with the advantages of an optical beamforming concept. Due to the usage of these techniques the sensor performance in accuracy, ambiguity suppression, and angular resolution can be significantly increased.
Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) radars have been shown to improve target detection for surveillance applications thanks to their proven high performance properties. In this paper, the design, implementation and results of a complete three-dimensional (3D) imaging Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) MIMO Radar demonstrator are presented. The radar sensor working frequency range spans between 16 GHz and 17 GHz and the proposed solution is based on a 24 transmitters and 24 receivers MIMO radar architecture, implemented by time division multiplexing (TDM) of the transmit signals. A modular approach based on conventional low cost Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) is used for the transmit and receive system. Using digital beam-forming (DBF) algorithms and radar processing techniques on the received signals, a high resolution 3D sensing of the range, azimuth and elevation can be calculated. With the current antenna configuration, an angular resolution of 2.9 • can be reached. Furthermore, by taking advantage of the 1 GHz bandwidth of the system, a range resolution of 0.5 m is achieved. The radio-frequency (RF) front-end, digital system and radar signal processing units are here presented. The medium range surveillance potential and the high resolution capabilities of the MIMO radar are proven with results in the form of radar images captured from on the field measurements.
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