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Results suggested that dantrolene premedication prevented muscle damage without affecting anesthetic recovery but impaired CO and precipitated hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias in healthy isoflurane-anesthetized horses.

Cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is the cessation of effective cardiopulmonary circulation due to inadequate cardiac contractions.The goal of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) is to restore blood circulation to vital oxygen-dependent organs, particularly the brain and heart, while addressing the underlying cardiac arrhythmia. Equine anaesthesia can be associated with CPA and conveys a higher risk of complication within the equine population compared with other companion species (Bettschart & Johnston, 2012); there is an approximately 1% mortality risk associated with equine anaesthesia, with a third of those deaths occurring from CPA (Bettschart & Johnston, 2012;Johnston et al., 2002). Most CPA cases in anaesthetised horses are unexpected compared with those associated with sepsis or electrolyte and acid/base derangements