Brown tumour represents a serious complication of hyperparathyroidism.
Differential diagnosis, based on histological examination, is only presumptive and clinical, radiological and laboratory data are necessary for definitive diagnosis. Here we describe a case of a brown tumour localised in the maxilla due to secondary hyperparathyroidism in a young women with chronic renal failure. Hemodialysis and pharmacological treatment were unsuccessful in controlling secondary hyperparathyroidism making it necessary to proceed with a subtotal parathyroidectomy. The proper timing of the parathyroidectomy and its favourable effect on regression of the brown tumor made it possible to avoid a potentially disfiguring surgical removal of the brown tumor.
No prominent association between low PTH serum levels and the severity of coronary calcium deposits in haemodialysis patients was found while increased levels of PTH, with special regard to very elevated levels, associated with more frequent hypercalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia, should be considered a major risk factor of coronary calcifications and cardiac events.
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