In this animal model, changes of intracardiac impedance revealed hemodynamic deterioration as reflected by EDV and EDP pressure. Thus, intracardiac impedance is a promising new application to monitor heart failure status within implantable devices.

Changes of Z show a strong inverse correlation with changes of directly measured EVLWI. This allows the application of Z as a measure of intrathoracic fluid status and has the potential to optimize patient care, especially in the context of evolving telemedicine concepts.

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The strong correlation with SV allows the application of intracardiac impedance measurements for an implant-based continuous monitoring of cardiac function. Impedance may also be used for hemodynamic optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy.

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