Tregs are important mediators of immune tolerance to self antigens, and it has been suggested that Treg inactivation may cause autoimmune disease. Therefore, immunotherapy approaches that aim to restore or expand autoantigen-specific Treg activity might be beneficial for the treatment of autoimmune disease.
Our findings provide proof of principle that the selective delivery of autoantigen peptides to LSECs by NPs can induce antigen-specific Tregs and enable effective treatment of autoimmune disease. These findings highlight the importance of Treg induction by LSECs for immune tolerance.
Histologic activity seems to be reliably indicated by elevated serum parameters. Normalization of serum parameters is not a reliable marker for complete histologic remission (HAI 1 to 3); however, normalized serum parameters identified patients at low risk of fibrosis progression. Thus, the common clinical practice of disease monitoring by serum markers seems to be suitable for regular follow-up.
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