We consider the adaptation of random early detection (RED) 1/ IntroductionThe random early detection (RED) algorithm is becoming a de-facto standard for congestion avoidance in the Internet and other packet switched networks. RED is an active queue management algorithm that aims at increasing the overall network throughput while maintaining low delays. The main idea behind RED is to prevent from packets being dropped because of buffer overflow by dropping them randomly when the average queue size is above a certain threshold. When packets are dropped from tail -the default drop strategy in packet switched networks-losses are arbitrarily distributed among different competing flows. By randomly dropping packets RED aims at fairly distributing losses in proportion to the amount of bandwidth used by each flow. Another goal of RED is to avoid global synchronization caused by dropping packets in bursts, as it is the case for tail-drop gateways. Adaptive sources (e.g. TCP) reduce their sending rate as a reaction to packet drops, which are considered as an implicit indication of congestion. A more efficient way, referred to as early congestion notification (ECN), to inform sources of the congestion is to mark packets rather than dropping them [9]. This explicit way aims at preventing the extra delay incurred by packet retransmission.As a consequence of the incremental deployment of RED, several algorithms based on RED have been and are still being proposed to improve its performance (e.g. [3,6]). The authors of [2] proposed RED with In and Out (RIO) as an extension to RED to discriminate low priority packets (Out) in times of congestion. It is expected that a variant of RIO will be used in differentiated services (DiffServ) networks as a means to provide different forwarding treatments for different packet priorities.RFC2309 [1] states that RED should be used as the default mechanism for managing queues in routers unless there are good reasons to use another mechanism. To this end, strong recommendations for testing, standardization and widespread deployment of active queue management in routers, to improve the performance of today's Internet are made. &RUUHVSRQGLQJ DXWKRU HPDLO RPDUHOORXPL#DOFDWHOEH 7HO )D[
The Access Node Control Protocol (ANCP) aims to communicate Quality of Service (QoS)-related, service-related, and subscriber-related configurations and operations between a Network Access Server (NAS) and an Access Node (e.g., a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM)). The main goal of this protocol is to allow the NAS to configure, manage, and control access equipment, including the ability for the Access Nodes to report information to the NAS. This present document investigates security threats that all ANCP nodes could encounter. This document develops a threat model for ANCP security, with the aim of deciding which security functions are required. Based on this, security requirements regarding the Access Node Control Protocol are defined. Status of This Memo This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for informational purposes. This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5713. Moustafa, et al.
Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
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