Streszczenie. "Psalm przeciw donatystom" Augustyna jest jego pierwszym utworem skierowanym przeciw północnoafrykańskim schizmatykom. Celem psalmu było dotarcie z argumentacją teologiczną i historyczną do niewykształconych świeckich katolików. Psalm ma nowatorską formę, zrywającą z klasyczną poezją łacińską opartą na iloczasie. Abstract. "Psalm against the Donatists" of Augustine is his first work directed against the North African schismatics. He wanted to get his argumentation in a simple way to the uneducated lay Catholics. He presented both the theological and historical arguments in a form that had little in common with the traditional Latin poetry.
The paper aims at showing the continuity of the methods and motivations of the religious persecutions in Roman North Africa between IV and VII century. Different examples are briefly analysed: anti-Christian persecutions of the first centuries, the struggle between the Catholics and the Donatists, the persecution of the Catholics by the Vandals and the religious coercion exercised against Jews and dissidents under Byzantine dominion. The continuity can be found not only in the means employed by the oppressors and their justification, but also in the description of the situation produced by the victims.
In the first place, the paper analyses the cultural-historical background of the social security in Poland. Given the largely enrooted Catholicism of the country, the development of the social teaching of the Catholic Church is surveyed. It is followed by a short history of the social security legislation in Poland from 1918 to 1997, and finally the current economical conditions of the system are analysed. The paper concludes with the opinion, that the current system, providing large social endowments to various strata of the population, generally answers the expectations of the people as well as corresponds to Catholic social teaching. Zabezpieczenie społeczne w Polsce-uwarunkowania kulturowo-historyczne oraz ekonomiczne Słowa kluczowe: zabezpieczenie społeczne, katolicka myśl społeczna, solidarność społeczna.
Nearly half of the letters written by Augustine were directed to other clerics. The paper analyses how polemical intentions could be hidden behind friendly formulas. Particular consideration is given to the correspondence between Augustine and Donatist clerics, whom he treated as his peers and brothers.<fnote> The research was funded by the Polish National Science Centre grants: “The Presbyters in the Late Antique West” (2013/10/E/HS3/00202) and “The History of the Donatist Schism” (2015/19/D/HS3/00626).</fnote>
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