Objective: This study presents outcomes from a randomized trial of a novel Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) model for foster families. Differential effects of two intervention doses on child externalizing and internalizing symptoms are examined. Method: A sample of 102 foster children was assigned to one of three conditions-brief PCIT, extended PCIT, or wait-list control. The brief and extended groups received 2 days of PCIT training and 8 weeks of telephone consultation. The extended PCIT group received an additional booster training plus 6 more weeks of consultation. Wait-list controls received services as usual. Tests of change over time were estimated using mixed-model repeated measures analysis of covariance. Results: Compared to controls, children in both PCIT groups exhibited a greater reduction in externalizing and internalizing scores over time. Pairwise contrasts of the two PCIT conditions yielded mixed results. Conclusion: Results indicate that PCIT can be tailored efficaciously for foster families using alternative treatment modalities.

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This cross-sectional single case study of older residents (N = 197, mean age = 71.5 years) of a Midwestern rural naturally occurring retirement community (NORC) investigates patterns of active living and how they relate to sociophysical NORC characteristics and individual factors. The study uses a self-administered questionnaire (mailed to participants), which includes the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), and the study findings reveal that most respondents engaged in at least one leisure (93.9%) or household (94.4%) activity in the preceding 7 days and walking was the most prevalent activity; respondents who walked, as part of their routine activities (during the 7 days prior to study), had higher self-efficacy scores than nonparticipants (U = 563.5, p < .05); and self-efficacy was positively correlated with the frequency (r s = .22, p < .01) and duration (r s = .26, p < .01) of walking.

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