Aim Alcohol is a commonly co-ingested compound during self-poisoning with pesticides. Clinical experiences suggest alcohol co-ingestion (or withdrawal) makes patient management more difficult after self-poisoning and may contribute to poor clinical outcomes. We aimed to systematically review the world literature to explore the relationship between alcohol co-ingestion and outcome in pesticide self-poisoning. Methods We searched 13 electronic databases and Google scholar, conducted citation searching and a review of reference lists to find studies which investigated the relationship of alcohol with clinical outcome of pesticide self-poisoning in different countries. Thirteen studies, including 11 case series/reports and two cohort studies were considered for inclusion. Results Meta-analysis showed that alcohol co-ingestion in pesticide self-poisoning was associated with increased risk of death [odds ratio (OR) 4.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9–8.2 P<0.0001] and that alcohol co-ingested group required intubation eight times more often than non-co-ingested group in organophosphorus insecticide self-poisoning (OR 8.0, 95% CI 4.9–13.0 P<0.0001). Cases who co-ingested alcohol were older than non-alcohol group in two studies. One cohort study demonstrated that alcohol co-ingestion was associated with larger pesticide ingestions but did not itself affect the outcome. Conclusions This systematic review indicates that alcohol co-ingestion may worsen clinical outcome in pesticide self-poisoning.
Introduction: Emotional Intelligence (EI) is especially important for medical undergraduates due to the long undergraduate period and relatively high demands of the medical course. Determining associates of EI would not only enable identification of those who are most suited for the discipline of medicine but would also help in designing training strategies to target specific groups. However, there is diversity of opinion regarding the associates of EI in medical students. Aim of the study was to determine associates of EI in medical students. Methods: The databases MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Scopus, EbscoHost, LILAC, IMSEAR and three others were searched. It was followed by hand-searching, cited/citing references and searching through PQDT. All studies on the phenomenon of EI and/or its associates with medical students as participants were retrieved. Studies from all continents of the world, published in English were selected. They were assessed for quality using Q-SSP checklist followed by narrative synthesis on selected studies. Results: Seven hundred and ninety-two articles were identified of which 29 met inclusion criteria. One article was excluded as its full text was not available. Seven articles found an association between ‘EI and academic performance’, 11 identified an association between ‘EI and mental health’, 11 found an association between ‘EI and Gender’, 6 identified an association between ‘EI and Empathy’ while two have found an association with the learning environment. Conclusion: Higher EI is associated with better academic performance, better mental health, happiness, learning environment, good sleep quality and less fatigue, female gender and greater empathy.
Objective: Virtual autopsy is a non-invasive/minimally invasive method for conducting an autopsy, with the assistance of imaging techniques. We aim to review the benefits of virtual autopsy in detecting pathologies in the paediatric population. Method: The procedure adhered to Institute of Medicine and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Seven databases including MEDLINE and SCOPUS were searched for articles published 2010–2020 worldwide in English. A narrative synthesis of the findings of included studies was carried out to discuss and summarize the results of the review. Results: From 686 studies on paediatric deaths, 23 met selection/quality criteria. Virtual autopsy was better than conventional autopsy in detecting skeletal lesions and bullet trajectory, thus a crucial tool in the investigation of traumatic and firearm deaths. Virtual autopsy was superior to conventional autopsy in identifying the point of bleeding in postoperative deaths and objectively quantifying air/fluid in body cavities. Virtual autopsy was a useful adjunct for detecting pulmonary thrombo-embolism, foreign body aspiration, drowning and metastatic malignancies. The use of non-contrast imaging in investigating natural paediatric deaths did not offer more information than conventional autopsy. Misinterpretation of normal post-mortem changes as pathological findings was another disadvantage of virtual autopsy leading to erroneous conclusions. But accuracy may be improved with contrast enhancement and post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: Virtual autopsy is a crucial tool in the investigation of traumatic and firearm deaths in the paediatric population. Virtual autopsy will be useful as an adjunct to conventional autopsy in asphyxial deaths, stillbirths and decomposed bodies. Virtual autopsy has limited value in differentiating antemortem and post-mortem changes with the added risk of misinterpretations, therefore should be used with caution in natural deaths.
Systematic Reviews (SRs) are considered as a useful tool to be adopted in the approaches of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Social Sciences & Humanities, and more widely in Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) in Healthcare. In these processes of EBM and EBP, where ‘informed decision making’ based on the ‘best evidence’ is the key factor, Systematic Reviews are found to be an important source of information. The methodology of conducting a systematic review, involves several steps where Assessing Quality of the studies that are selected to include in the review is one of the most important steps, as it is the vital element which determines the validity and the creditability of the end product or the conclusion of a systematic review. Therefore, in SRs where assessing quality is not included in the procedure, the validity of the findings of the SR will be questionable. The quality of a research study can be evaluated through various facts and measures. This paper attempts to emphasize on the importance of quality appraisal of the studies in a systematic review and identifies the tools /standards that could be used for the purpose in the SR process.
IntroductionVerruco papillary lesions (VPL) in the oral cavity encompass a spectrum of lesions starting from benign, potentially malignant to entirely malignant tumors. Much of the controversies in these entities occur due to lack of consensus on the disease characteristics and the management. This systematic review was conducted to identify and describe different lesions categorized as VPL in the oral cavity and their association with malignancy.MethodsAn electronic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, LILAC, IMSEAR, and CENTRAL databases, which retrieved a total of 1020 abstracts. These abstracts were managed through Rayyan and Mendeley software, and only 28 studies with high quality were included in the systematic review.ResultsStudies were published from 1992 to 2021. From the extracted data, nine different entities under the umbrella term VPL were identified associated with malignancy. We describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of these and propose a uniform framework for nomenclature.ConclusionsLack of well‐planned research with adequate follow‐up duration and inadequate quality standards are major barriers for the lack of evidence. The use of uniform nomenclature, as proposed in this study, and research at the molecular level will greatly reduce the controversies in understanding oral VPL associated with malignancy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.