The compost of inked paper and vegetable waste mixture is a result of the process of degradation of the components of lignin and cellulose. The process was activated by cellulolytic bacteria from rumen liquor. The aim of this study to know the compost quality of the inked paper and vegetable waste mixture. The content of by-products of compost studied were the levels of N, P, K, and Pb heavy metals. The composting process in this study was carried out by anaerobic. The N test used the Kjeldahl method, the P and K test used the Bray 1 method, and the Pb test used the AAS method (Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer). The data were analyzed using Manova statistical tests with LSD post hoc tests. From the observations, it was known that the addition of rumen liquor had a significant effect on the levels of P with the most optimal concentration of 50%, while for N and K levels and Pb heavy metals content was not significantly different. However, the average level of nutrient elements N (0.87% to 1.1%), P (0.2% to 0.5%) and K (0.52% to 0.58%) and Pb heavy metals (0.61ppm to 4.09 ppm) fulfill SNI 19-7030- 2004 standard.
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. Tuban is one of the cultivated plants can be planted on limestone mines former because it has high adaptation to dry and alkali conditions. Biology, physics and chemistry of limestone mined land have low soil fertility. One of the efforts to improve its fertility is use an adaptive biofertilizer on the condition of the limestone former. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential use of PGPR from pioneer plants that grow on ex-limestone mines on vegetative growth of peanut (Arachys hypogaea L.) cv. Tuban in the limestone planting media. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and one control (0%) each of five replications. The results of this study indicate that based on the MANOVA test giving various concentrations of PGPR does not have a significant effect on the height and number of plant leaves. While based on correlation statistical tests have a significant correlation to leaf color. The higher the PGPR concentration is given, the more green the leaf color will be, based on the Leaf Color Chart (LCC) scale.
Abstract. Amriana, Sari KD, Sriwulan, Anshary H. 2022. Evaluation of Argulus indicus on striped snakehead (Channa striata) in Towuti Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1355-1362. Fish parasites are frequently present in wild freshwater fish populations, but data are limited on their distribution and impacts. This research aimed to investigate the severity of parasitic Argulus infestation on striped snakeheads (Channa striata) caught in Towuti Lake based on prevalence, intensity, and the bacteria associated with Argulus parasitizing C. striata. The research was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019 at Towuti Lake, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Striped snakehead samples were captured using fish traps and gillnets. Samples of bacteria associated with Argulus were collected from four striped snakeheads (three infested and one non-infested control). Bacteria from Argulus attachment sites were identified through Vitek-2 Compact biochemical tests. Argulus prevalence on striped snakeheads was in the range 73.3-96.7%, with a mean intensity range of 2.18-14.43 and mean abundance 1.67-13.47. Water quality parameters measured in Towuti Lake remained within the Indonesian standards for freshwater fish habitat. The bacteria in striped snakehead mucus comprised two species in control (Staphylococcus xylosus, Pantoea sp.) and seven species in the parasitized fish (Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus mycoides, Acinetobacter baumannii, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Pantoea sp., Aerococcus viridans, Staphylococcus arlettae). This study found a very high prevalence of striped snakehead infestation with parasitic A. indicus at low to medium intensity levels. The study also showed that A. indicus infestation was accompanied by and likely stimulated pathogenic bacteria, which can cause skin infections in fish. Therefore, A. indicus could be considered a threat to striped snakehead populations in Towuti Lake.
Environmental damage included the limestone mining process would remove the topsoil layer, reduce fertility, reduce microbial diversity and eliminate the vegetation that growth above it. Naturally, pioneer plants could grow to replace lost plants. Pioneer plants can be used as a reference for land recovery because these plants could grow on damaged land because they are associated with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). In addition, the presence of pioneer plants could inhibit soil erosion due to its root ability to hold the soil from scouring water. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the initial natural succession process, namely the pioneer post-limestone mining community. This research was conducted by purposive random sampling method at three mining locations, namely Banjaragung Village, 5 years after mine, Maibit Village, 8 years after mine, and Rengel Village, 7 years after mine. Samples were taken for each of the 10 plots of 1x1 m size. The results of this study obtained 5 types of plants with the highest INP, namely: Lamium barbatum, Chromolena odoratum, Tridax procumbens, Waltheria indica, and Digitaria sanguinalis. While the highest diversity index is in the Village of Maibit, Rengel Sub-District, Tuban Regency after 8 years post-mining, which is 2.54. ABSTRAKKerusakan lingkungan termasuk proses penambangan kapur akan menghilangkan lapisan topsoil, menurunkan kesuburan, menurunkan diversitas mikroba dan menghilangkan vegetasi yang tumbuh diatasnya. Secara alami tanaman pionir dapat tumbuh menggantikan tanaman yang hilang. Tanaman pionir dapat dijadikan acuan pemulihan lahan karena tanaman ini dapat tumbuh di lahan yang mengalami kerusakan karena berasosiasi dengan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Selain itu keberadaan tanaman pionir dapat menghambat erosi tanah karena kemampuan akarnya menahan tanah dari gerusan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakterisitik proses suksesi alami tahap awal yaitu komunitas tumbuhan pionir pasca penambangan kapur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive random sampling pada tiga lokasi penambangan yaitu Desa Banjaragung telah 5 tahun pasca tambang, Desa Maibit telah 8 tahun pasca tambang, dan Desa Rengel telah 7 tahun pasca tambang. Masingmasing lokasi diambil sampling sebanyak 10 plot dengan ukuran 1x1 m. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 5 jenis tanaman dengan INP tertinggi yaitu: Lamium barbatum, Chromolena odoratum, Tridax procumbens, Waltheria indica, dan Digitaria sanguinalis. Sedangkan indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi yaitu di Desa Maibit Kecamatan Rengel Kabupaten Tuban setelah 8 tahun pasca tambang yaitu sebesar 2,54.
Pioneer plants are found in the former limestone mining area, and there are bacteria in their root systems. These bacteria can be used as biofertilizers. This study aims to find out the use of indigenous PGPR in ex-mining limestone land to be able to increase the yield of pea (Arachis hypogaea L.) var. Tuban. This research was an experimental study with 5 treatments applying indigenous PGPR at concentrations of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% and consist of 5 replications. Stages of research include planting peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) var. Tuban by adding indigenous PGPR with the same dose and source in an environment with sufficient sunlight. The parameters observed were biomass, pithy weight, empty pod weight, wet weight, dry weight, pH, and temperature of the planting medium for peanuts. In this study, the results showed that the concentration of PGPR 25% had a significant effect on the dry weight of peanuts and doesn’t had significant effect on biomass. Meanwhile, the provision of PGPR with different concentrations did not have a significant effect on the temperature and pH of the lime mining soil planting media
<p>Masyarakat Kecamatan Kerek Kabupaten Tuban memiliki permasalahan dalam memanfaatkan lahan pekarangannya untuk budidaya tanaman yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang berbagai metode budidaya tanaman alternatif. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu untuk memberikan pelatihan dalam memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan kepada mitra yaitu TP-PKK Kecamatan Kerek melalui budidaya tanaman secara hidroponik dan dalam media <em>polybag</em> sehingga hasilnya dapat digunakan sebagai sumber pangan atau sumber penghasilan keluarga tanpa mengesampingkan nilai estetika dari lahan pekarangan. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini diawali dengan observasi dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan permasalahan dan data serta solusi yang tepat dilanjutkan sosialisasi atau penyuluhan, demonstrasi, uji coba, pendampingan dan diakhiri evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa mitra memiliki pengetahuan dan ketarampilan baru dan mengaplikasikannya dalam membudidayakan tanaman pada pekarangan rumahnya secara hidroponik dan media <em>polybag</em></p>
The addition of cow rumen fluid to waste containing cellulose can help decompose the cellulose contained in it through the composting process. Organic waste and paper waste containing ink are wastes that contain cellulose. However, the waste paper containing ink contains Lead (Pb) which is used as a color binding agent in the ink. In the composting process, in addition to the degradation process of organic components in paper, it is necessary to know the process of decreasing the Pb content in the compost material. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the Pb content after application of cow rumen fluid on a mixture of used paper containing ink and organic waste for 60 days with used paper with ink for 7 days. The objects in this study consisted of two groups, the first group was used paper containing ink mixed with organic waste in a ratio of 1:1, then cow rumen fluid was added and incubated for 60 days, while the second group was inked waste paper added with cow rumen fluid and incubated for 7 days. Pb test incubation using AAS (Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer) method. The data were statistically tested by Independent T Test on SPSS 23 Software. The conclusions obtained from this study were the incubation time of inked paper waste with the addition of rumen fluid showed that the difference in Pb levels was not significant. The Pb content in both experimental groups was in accordance with the provisions of SNI 19-7030-2004.
Proses pengomposan kertas bekas bertinta dapat dilakukan karena kertas bekas bertinta memiliki kandungan materi organik berupa selulosa, hemiselulosa, lignin dan senyawa abu. Namun tidak seperti bahan organik lainnya kertas bekas bertinta telah mengalami berbagai proses kimia dalam pembuatannya sehingga perlu dilakukan perlakuan perendaman terlebih dahulu untuk menurunkan kandungan berbagai bahan kimia. Dalam hal ini kertas bekas bertinta direndam dengan aquades yang ditambahkan dengan arang aktif, arang tongkol jagung, PGPR dan cairan rumen sapi. PGPR ini selanjutnya ditambahkan buffer fosfat pH 7 dan diinkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang tanpa terkena cahaya matahari. Cairan rumen sapi diambil di RPH Jenu di Kabupaten Tuban, cairan ini diambil langsung setelah sapi dipotong dan dimasukkan kedalam termos selanjutnya ditambahkan buffer fosfat pH 7 dan diinkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang dan tidak terkena cahaya matahari. Pemberian arang aktif, arang tongkol jagung dan PGPR dapat dilakukan pada proses pra pengomposan kertas bekas bertinta dengan starter cairan rumen sapi tanpa menyebabkan terjadinya fluktuasi pH dan suhu Kata Kunci: Arang Aktif,
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