Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitize a wide range of marine animals, mammals serving as the definitive host and different fish species as intermediate or paratenic hosts. In this study, 18 fish species were investigated for Anisakis infection. Katsuwonus pelamis, Euthynnus affinis, Caranx sp., and Auxis thazard were infected with high prevalence of Anisakis type I, while Cephalopholis cyanostigma and Rastrelliger kanagurta revealed low prevalence. The mean intensity of Anisakis larvae in K. pelamis and A. thazard was 49.7 and 5.6, respectively. A total of 73 Anisakis type I larvae collected from K. pelamis and A. thazard were all identified as Anisakis typica by PCR-RFLP analysis. Five specimens of Anisakis from K. pelamis and 15 specimens from A. thazard were sequenced using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and 6 specimens from A. thazard and 4 specimens from K. pelamis were sequenced in mtDNA cox2 region. Alignments of the samples in the ITS region showed 2 patterns of nucleotides. The first pattern (genotype) of Anisakis from A. thazard had 100% similarity with adult A. typica from dolphins from USA, whereas the second genotype from A. thazard and K. pelamis had 4 base pairs different in ITS1 region with adult A. typica from USA. In the mtDNA cox2 regions, Anisakis type I specimens from A. thazard and K. pelamis showed similarity range from 94% to 99% with A. typica AB517571/DQ116427. The difference of 4 bp nucleotides in ITS1 regions and divergence into 2 subgroups in mtDNA cox2 indicating the existence of A. typica sibling species in the Makassar Strait.

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A parasitology survey on fish groupers was conducted from January to April in 2016 in a Parasitology Laboratory belongs to Fish Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Makassar, to identify parasites from the fish groups. Previous data available at the institute did not distinguish between species of fish examined and the parasites that infect them, most of the fish from different species were only categorized as groupers, while many species of parasites are known to have high host specificity. Fifty-four grouper fish of different species were examined, includes; Cephalopholis sonnerati, C. argus, Plectropomus oligocanthus, P. leopardus, P. areolatus, P. maculatus. The fish species are common groupers that are exported alive to various countries. The fish were sent by exporter companies to the laboratory for disease inspection. The fish species were identified, length and weight were measured, then the whole body surface was visually examined for the presence of large parasites. Operculum was cut, and each gills were removed and placed on a petri dish contained saltwater. Observation of parasites presence was conducted under a stereomicroscope, and identification of parasite to genus level was conducted directly under a compound microscope. Species of parasites found were monogenean; Diplectanum sp., Pseudorhabdosynochus sp., Echinoplectanum leopardi, Echinoplectanum sp., Protozoa; Brooklynella hostilis., Cryptocaryon irritans., Crustacea; Hatschekia sp., Dissonus sp., copepod larvae. Diplectanum sp. was found from P. areolatus and C. sonnerati. The prevalence and mean intensity of the parasite in P. areolatus was 100% and 52.5, respectively, whereas the prevalence and mean intensity of the parasite in C. sonnerati was 50% and 69.6, respectively. Pseudorhabdosynochus sp. was only recorded from Cephalopholis spp. Echinoplectanum leopardi only occurred in P. leopardus. Echinoplectanum sp. was also recorded from P. oligocanthus, P. maculatus and C. sonnerati. Other species of parasites commonly found in the fish examined were B. hostilis., C. irritans, Hatschekia sp. and Dissonus sp. All the parasites are highly pathogenic and may complete their life cycle within a container. Therefore, their occurrence in aquaculture facilities may cause significant damage leading to mortality on fish without proper treatment.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of various concentrations of vitomolt plus added to the culture water on the abundance of pathogen bacteria. This research was conducted in August - September 2021 in Makassar, Indonesia. There were 18 containers with 30 L of volume used in this study. Juvenile tilapia about 5 cm of body length were stocked with a density of 5 fish for each container. The experimental design were designed in a completely randomized design with 6 concentrations of vitomolt treatment, namely: A (control), B (2 ppm), C (4 ppm), D (6 ppm), E (8 ppm), F (10 ppm). Each treatment consisted of 3 replications. The parameters observed were the total abundance of bacteria, types of bacteria, and the percentage of identified bacterial abundance. The results showed that the dose of Vitomolt plus treatment had an effect (P<0.05) on the total abundance of bacteria, where the concentration of 6 ppm vitomolt plus had the lowest average total bacterial abundance and the control was the highest. There were several bacteria identified with an average abundance starting from the highest, respectively, including Yersinia pseudotuborculosis, Aeromonas sobria, Staphylococcus sciuri, Spingomonas paucimobilis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Micrococcus luteus, and Aeromonas hydrophila. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the administration of 6 ppm vitomolt plus into the water of tilapia aquaculture has an effect on the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. The use of fermented herbal extracts can be considered as anti-bacterial in aquaculture.

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Reclamation of land used for mining is very important because it is related to microbial activity in the soil which has an impact on soil fertility. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the diversity of bacterial colonies in the reclaimed land of the former Limestone Mining. The method used in this research was a laboratory experimental method. The results of the study showed that 6 bacterial isolates were found and the highest total plate count in GPS land (GPS system) is 1.97 X 106 cfu, the dominant colony characteristics were irregular shapes, flat edges and milky white color.

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam peningkatan pendapatan ekonomi masyarakat, desa Buniara memiliki beberapa UMKM yang memiliki keingingan adanya peningkatan penjualan yang lebih baik terkait produk-produk yang ada, untuk memfasilitasi hal tersebut maka pelu dilakukan penerapan teknologi informasi berupa media sosial instagram sebagai media promosi yang di buat dengan mengunggah photo-photo dan video dari produk yang ada serta penerapan marketplace shopee sebagai media interaksi antar penjual dan pembeli sehingga dapat meningkatkan penjualan produk, selain dua media diatas juga dibuat stiker branding produk sehingga lebih menambah ketertarikan konsumen dalam membeli produk-produk UMKM.

Nile tilapia, whether cultivated or living in the wild, is susceptible to various parasite’ infection. A parasitology investigation was conducted to identify parasites of Nile tilapia in Lakes and from aquaculture facilities. The fish examined from aquaculture facility in Bantaeng has a total length of 15 to 20 cm (n= 30) and the hybrid-tilapia from a mini hatchery consist of three groups of fish size. Fish from Towuti Lake range from 7.0 to 21.8 cm in total length (n= 35), and the fish from Tempe Lake range from 10 to 16 cm in total length (n= 40). Parasites found from Nile tilapia in Tempe Lake were monogenean: Cichlidogyrus spp. and Scutogyrus longicornis, and Crustacea; Argulus indicus. Parasites found from Aquaculture facility in Bantaeng were Trichodina magna, Gyrodactylus cichlidarum, Cichlidogyrus spp. and S. longicornis. Trichodinids from Nile tilapia in Towuti Lake were Paratrichodina sp., T. heterodentata, Trichodinella sp., and Tripartiella sp. Parasites found from red hybrid tilapia were Trichodina spp., Cichlidogyrus spp., and G. cichlidarum. The prevalence and mean intensity of the parasite’s infection were discussed. In this study, we present for the first time the presence of some genera of Trichodinids in Nile tilapia in Towuti Lake.