Over the past few decades, broad research work has been carried out to develop a gastro-retentive dosage form, this type of dosage form shows effectiveness in delivery of drug due to its presence in the stomach for enough time. The present survey is concern about the review of bioadhesive or mucoadhesive microspheres, for its combined effect of bioadhesion and surface to volume ratio of microspheres in which particle size is range from 1-1,000 µm range in diameter having a core of drug and outer layer of mucoadhesive polymer. Mucoadhesive microspheres have advantage of controlled and sustained release of drug from dosage form with less fluctuation in blood concentration. Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Microspheres has to be carried for FTIR
The main aim of this study was to expand the present formulation with patch and to evaluate the transdermal patches of Flurbiprofen, NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug) used in the treatment of arthritis. Flurbiprofen is required at a sustained rate of its short half- life (3-4 hours) long term percutaneous absorption is required for its gastrointestinal side effects. Hence in this study, an effort was done to develop transdermal patches of Flurbiprofen by employing a different combination of polymers were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique. Nine formulations were prepared consists of Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) E15 and polyvinylpyrrolidone in the ratios of 1:1, 1:2. Formulation, HPMC E15 and Ethylcellulose (EC) in 1:1, 1:2. Formulations, HPMC E15 and Eudragit RS100 in 1:1, 1:2, and Formulation HPMC E15 and Eudragit RL100 in 1:1, 1:2.Formulations (F1- F8). F9 formulations contain HPMC E15, Eudragit RS100 in 2:1 ratio with permeation enhancer DMSO 20% v/w of propylene glycol was used as a plasticizer in all the formulations. The developed patches were considered for several physicochemical parameters. In vitro drug release studies showed maximum percentage in 24 hrs for F9 formulation 94.31±1.43, showed maximum Ex-vivo skin permeation of 10,120±0.91 µg/cm2, and the obtained flux meets the required flux. The resultant data was fitted into zero; first, Higuchi and Peppas model and Formulation F9 followed zero order. Drug compatibility studies were resulted by FTIR. The results specify that Flurbiprofen transdermal patch can be designed with the required amount of flux with desire mechanical properties for the cause of better therapeutic benefits.
Oral administration of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Diclofenac diethylamine (DDEA) is often associated with gastrointestinal ulcers, extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism, and gastric bleeding. As an alternative to oral administration, a transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) of DDEA was developed for topical administration, to quantify diclofenac diethylamine in plasma of rabbits for this, a sensitive Reverse Phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed to compare DDEA in marketed gel and optimized formulation, using Carbamazepine as Internal standard (IS). DDEA provoke on Hypersil RP C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm 5 μm) using a mobile phase mixture of potassium dihydrogen buffer pH 2.5 and acetonitrile in the ratio of 30:70v/v at an isocratic flow rate of 1mL/min. The retention time of DDEA was found to be 5.3min. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range from 50-750ng/mL of DDEA. This method was accurate for quantitative estimation of the drug in marketed gel and optimized formulation. The main aim of study is to compare Pharmacokinetic profile of diclofenac diethylamine in pharmaceutical dosage forms (Marketed gel & formulated transdermal patches) using WinNonlin software version 8.1.
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