Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease and is the commonest form of arthritis. It is the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. Most of this disability burden is attributable to the involvement of the hips or the knee. Objectives: To assess the clinical efficacy of Upanaha with Vachadi Churna in the management of OA knee concerning pain and stiffness of joints. Materials and methods: It was an open-label, multicentric, single-arm, prospective, clinical study. Sixty subjects of primary OA knee aged between 35 years and 65 years fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) for OA knee and showing radiological changes of OA knee were enrolled in the study. Upanaha with Vachadi Churna was done over the affected knee for 14 days. The primary outcome was to see any change in pain and stiffness of joints which was assessed on the visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The assessment was done on the 7th and 14th day and 1 week after completion of therapy, i.e., 21st day. Results: The mean pain score as assessed by VAS, reduced significantly from 64.48 at baseline to 31.95 at the end of the treatment period of 14 days (p value < 0.001). The mean stiffness score assessed on VAS also reduced significantly from 39.68 at baseline to 16.0 after 14 days (p value < 0.001). Significant change in total WOMAC score was also observed, which reduced from mean baseline score of 48.02 to 26.98 till the end of the intervention period of 14 days (p value < 0.001). Significant improvement in cardinal features of osteoarthritis was also observed after completion of therapy. Conclusion: This study substantiates the efficacy of Upanaha with Vachadi Churna in the management of OA knee.
The nicotine present in the cigarette smoke induces conduction block, acts as a cardiac A-type potassium channels blockers and increase the ventricular fibril formation which also changes the cardiac electric impulses usually assessed via electrocardiogram (ECG). The present study aims to evaluate and compare the ECG profile change in seemingly fit smokers and non-smokers.The present study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, for two years involved 148 patients evaluated for different parameters heart rate, the PR interval, QRS complex QTc (corrected QT interval) using a 12 lead ECG. P-value < 0.05 denotes statistical significance. All the patients were male and the mean age was comparable in non-smoking group (NS) vs smoking group (S) (29.26±5.90 vs. 30.42±6.19 years; p=0.244). Mean systolic (127.43 ± 7.29 (S) vs. 123.03 ± 6.96 (NS) mm Hg; p<0.001) and diastolic BP (80.08 ± 5.15 (S) vs. 77.32 ± 5.76 (NS) mm Hg; p=0.003) were significantly high in smokers. Prolonged QTc interval was noted in 47.30% of the individuals of group S (p<0.001). The mean pulse, QTi, and QTc were significantly high in group S (p<0.001) while the mean respiratory rate (RR) interval was significantly low (p<0.001). There was an increasing trend in terms of pulse, QTi, and QTc based upon increased smoking index while PR interval was significantly high in mild smokers compared to moderate and heavy smokers (p<0.001).Smokers show abnormalities in the ECG profile that may eventually increase the risk of incidence of cardiovascular diseases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.