Mechanisms of charging-up and charging-down of Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) have been studied. Experimental investigations have been carried out on both dielectric polarization and radiation charging of GEMs.Environmental parameters, such as pressure and temperature have been monitored to normalize their effects on the charging-up and charging-down measurements. Variation in gain due to the combined effects of the mentioned parameters, as well as in isolation, has been illustrated.
This work has been carried out to simulate a Resistive Plate Chamber and corroborate it with experimental measurements in order to develop a numerical tool for studying the performance of the device for any gas mixture. This will allow us to explore the feasibility of operating these chambers in their avalanche mode within the Iron Calorimeter setup at India-based Neutrino Observatory with any eco-friendly substitute. The simulation has considered a hydrodynamic model of charge transport to emulate the electronic and ionic growths in the device as a function of the applied voltage which determines its working mode as either of the avalanche or streamer. In order to validate, the simulation result has been compared with compatible experimental data available in the literature.
A: We plan to build an imaging setup for material identification utilizing the Coulomb scattering of cosmic ray muons due to their interaction with the materials and tracking their trajectories with Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs). To begin with, we consider a setup of six RPCs stacked in a parallel manner to read the position and timing information of the muons before and after their interaction with a phantom of a given material using a set of three RPCs for each phase. Here we present a simulation work carried out to study the image formation of phantoms of several materials. A detailed modeling of the imaging system consisting of six RPCs was done using GEANT4. Cosmic Ray Library (CRY) was used for generation of particles with the appropriate energy and zenith angle distribution. Three reconstruction algorithms were followed for material identification and image reconstruction, viz. Point of Closest Approach (POCA), Iterative POCA and the Binned Cluster Algorithm. A weighted metric discriminator was calculated for target object identification. Using the algorithms, the imaging of the Region of Interest (ROI) lying between the two layers of RPCs was done. The time required to discriminate target objects and do the image reconstruction has been studied.
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