Background India, being a developing country, harbors the third largest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected population in the world, and HIV‐associated lymphadenopathy is commonly encountered. HIV lymphadenopathy is more commonly generalized and pathology ranges from reactive lymphoid hyperplasia to infections like tuberculosis to neoplasms such as lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma. The study intended to assess the utility of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in HIV lymphadenopathy. Materials and Methods A retrospective FNA slide review of HIV‐infected cases with lymphadenopathy received over a period of 2 years in the cytopathology department was performed. The clinicopathological characteristics, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), and CD4 counts were analyzed. Results Seventy‐nine lymph node aspirates were received from HIV patients over 2 years. The mean age at presentation was 39 years with a male:female ratio of 2.4:1. Cervical lymph nodes (62%) were more commonly affected. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was the commonest lesion (41.8%), followed by reactive lymphadenitis (24%), nonspecific granulomatous lymphadenitis (14%), suppurative lymphadenitis (8%), cryptococcal lymphadenitis (2%), lymphoma (9%), and metastasis (1%). Conclusion Lymph node FNA in HIV/AIDS is not only useful in identifying those cases that require further evaluation, but also aids in categorizing various etiologies such as opportunistic infections, non‐neoplastic, and neoplastic lesions. FNA is a less expensive, expeditious minimally invasive method for an early diagnosis that abets in deciding the treatment strategy, thus curtailing the associated morbidity and mortality.
Introduction: Glandular lesions of the female genital tract (FGT) are quite uncommon compared to squamous lesions. Their cytological diagnosis is difficult because of their architectural and cytological complexity, as well as the lack of experience of many cytopathologists in this field. The aim of this study was to determine the significance of Papanicolaou (Pap) smears in the diagnosis of glandular FGT lesions. Methodology: All Pap smears reported during the period of January 2012 to December 2013 were retrieved. Cytohistopathological correlation was done. Results: Among 7,609 Pap smears, squamous epithelial abnormalities were seen in 110 cases (1.5%) and glandular cell abnormalities in 32 cases (0.42%). Among the glandular abnormalities, we encountered 18 cases of atypical glandular cells (AGC) not otherwise specified, 4 cases of endocervical-type AGC and 4 cases favoring neoplastic-type AGC, 2 cases of adenocarcinoma of the endocervical type, 3 cases of adenocarcinoma of the endometrial type, and 1 case of extrauterine adenocarcinoma. Histopathological correlation was available in 12 cases (37.5%). Eighty-three percent showed premalignant or malignant lesions on histopathology. Conclusion: As glandular epithelial lesions are associated with premalignant and malignant FGT lesions, in patients with cytological diagnosis of glandular epithelial abnormalities, it is mandatory to undergo colposcopic examination with endocervical and endometrial curettage.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.