Aim: To explore the effects of disability, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms on patients' and their partners' quality of life (QoL) using the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM). Design:A cross-sectional study using actor-partner interdependence model. Methods:We recruited 183 dyads of stroke survivors and their family caregivers in Indonesia. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment (WHODAS 2.0), Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS-42) and Rand Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to measure disability, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms and QoL of stroke survivors and family caregivers. The actor-partner interdependence model was tested using multilevel modelling. The actor-partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM) was applied to estimate the direct and indirect effect.Results: Disability had actor effects on stroke survivor's overall QoL and partner effect on family caregiver's overall QoL. More severe disability of stroke survivors was associated with a lower overall QoL of their own and that of family caregiver's overall QoL. Depressive symptoms of stroke survivors had actor effects on stroke survivors' overall QoL and partner effects on family caregivers' overall QoL. Actor and partner effects also exist on family caregiver's depression symptoms to their own overall QoL and stroke survivor's overall QoL. Moreover, higher anxiety symptoms were associated with lower levels of their own and partner's overall QoL in both stroke survivors and family caregivers. Stroke survivor's stress symptoms also negatively associated with their own and family caregiver's overall QoL. However, a family caregiver's stress without a partner effects on stroke survivor's overall QoL. The APIMeM analysis showed that disability of stroke survivors directly decreased their own overall, physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). Also, disability mediated by stroke survivor's depression, anxiety and stress symptoms decreased both stroke survivor's and family caregiver's physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). Conclusion:The findings suggest that stroke survivors and family caregivers may influence each other during the caregiving process and social life. The disability of stroke survivors, and the depression, anxiety and stress symptoms of stroke survivors and

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Sandwich Generation must treat two generations simultaneously and undoubtedly, having an impact on health in the sandwich generation, the previous generation, and the following generations. This study used IFLS data in 2007 and 2014 because IFLS provides longitudinal data that can see the relationship between sandwich generation households and children’s health status with the Multinomial Logistics Regression method. The results showed that the BMI of non-sandwich generation children was higher than the group of sandwich generation children and was statistically significant, so it was concluded that there were differences in the average BMI between groups of sandwich generation children and non-sandwich generation children. BMR of sandwich generation children is lower than the group of not sandwich generation children and statistically significant, so with these results, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the average BMR between groups of sandwich generation children and non-sandwich generation children. The status of sandwich generation where relative to non-sandwich generation is only significant if the child is obese. Meanwhile, the status of the sandwich generation, which is relative to non-sandwich generation, significantly affects BMR for children in both the below-average BMR category and above-average BMR category for the overall sample.

Women at Air Sugihan are unique. They are able to sustain life under harsh natural conditions. Red swamp water, uncultivated peat lands, ashes from the burned forest as a result of simple and cheap land clearing techniques; as well as debt bondage as a cash-advanced to finance the farm-production activities which then aggravated their SRHR (sexual and reproductive health and rights), substantive health care and access to nutrition. This makes women at Air Sugihan struggled within harsh nature condition for the survival of their families for the sake of food security and for sustainable nature and environmental conservation. Starting from very limited experience to live in harsh condition, women reduce the family burden of living in poverty by sustaining water, land and family-economy.

Background Gout is triggered by high urate levels and causes inflammation, pain, and an impaired quality of life. Immersion in water at 20–30°C reduces inflammation and pain in arthritis. Yet, relationships of immersion in water at 20–30°C with urate levels and the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome have never been clarified. Objectives We aimed to investigate the effects of immersion in water at 20–30°C on urate levels, the NLRP1 inflammasome, pain, and quality of life among acute gout patients. Methods A community-based randomized control trial design was used with 2 parallel-intervention groups: immersion in water at 20–30°C (20 min/day for 4 weeks) group and a control group. In total, 76 eligible participants in Tomohon City, Indonesia, were assigned using block randomization. We analyze the results (coef. β) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a generalized estimating equation model. We analyzed mediating effects using a path analysis. Results Significant pain alleviation ( β = −2.06 [95% CI = −2.67∼-1.45]; β = −2.42 [95% CI = −2.97∼-1.87]) and improved quality of life ( β = 5.34 [95% CI = 3.12–7.57]; β = 9.93 [95% CI = 7.02–12.83]) were detected at 2 and 4 weeks of follow-up compared to the pre-test and control group. Urate levels ( β = −0.34 [95% CI = −0.52∼-0.16]) were reduced at the 2-week follow-up, but there was no significant change in the NLRP1 inflammasome compared to the pre-test and control group after immersion in water at 20–30°C. Both the NLRP1 inflammasome ( β = −0.48 [95% CI = −0.63∼-0.34]); water 0.01) and urate levels ( β = −0.11 [95% CI = −0.24∼-0.03]; p < 0.01) had partial indirect (mediating) effects on the link between immersion in water at 20–30°C and pain at the 4-week follow-up. Conclusions Immersion in water at 20–30°C significantly decreased pain and increased the quality of life. Immersion in water at 20–30°C mediated NLRP1 and urate levels to decrease pain, although it had no significant effect on the NLRP1 inflammasome concentration after 4 weeks of follow-up and reduced urate levels only at 2 weeks after immersion in water at 20–30°C.

In essence, law enforcement is a process of adjustment between values, rules and real behavior patterns that aim to achieve peace, so that the main task of law enforcement itself is actually an effort, activity or work so that the law is upright and peace is maintained. stand up. In order to achieve this goal, there must be an adjustment between values ​​or rules and the real behavior faced by law enforcers. Law enforcement, which is a process of concretizing an abstract form of law into a concrete one, means that laws and regulations are meaningless if they are not applied concretely by law enforcement officials. In law enforcement itself, it is necessary to have evidence activities that can be used by law enforcers (investigators) in this case to take other actions, including reconstructing. In this case, the police in carrying out law enforcement use their coercive power to obtain clear evidence that is in accordance with law enforcement when viewed from the point of view of the subject, law enforcement can be carried out by a broad subject and can also be interpreted as law enforcement efforts that involve all subjects. law in every legal relationship. In a narrow sense, in terms of the subject matter, law enforcement is only defined as the efforts of certain law enforcement officials to guarantee and ensure that the law is enforced, if necessary, law enforcement officials are allowed to use force. Law enforcement efforts are divided into two, namely by penal (criminal law) and non-penal (outside criminal law). In this case, reconstruction is included in the penal method, namely to enforce the law for the victim so that the incident that caused harm to the victim can be revealed so that the real incident is clear. This also applies to law enforcement against suspects, meaning that in the reconstruction the suspect needs to be proven whether it is true that the suspect committed the crime or not. The implementation of reconstruction or other activities carried out by police investigators must have the basis of the laws and regulations governing it. Without the rules that regulate it, it can be said that law enforcers themselves do not enforce the law, even against the law.

Profil darah ayam dipengaruhi oleh pemberian pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenganalisis profil darah ayam kampung super yang diberi pakan mengandung hasil ikutanperikanan. Materi yang digunakan adalah darah ayam yang diperoleh dari 32 ekor ayamkampung super. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan4 ulangan. Perlakuan formula pakan terdiri atas P0: Pakan komersil (BP-11); P1: 45% jagungkuning + 21% dedak + 17% CAB + 11% tepung ikan + 6%tepung kepala udang; P2: 41%jagung kuning + 21% dedak + 21% CAB + 11% tepung ikan +6% tepung rajungan; dan P3: 43%jagung kuning + 21% dedak + 19% CAB + 11% tepung ikan + 3% tepung kepala udang + 3%tepung rajungan. Variabel yang diukur adalah nilai hematokrit, kadar hemoglobin, dan rasioH/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai hematokrit darah ayam kampung superberkisar (P3) 26,75±2,40% sampai (P0) 27,63±2,10%. Kadar hemoglobin berkisar17,06±0,60g/dL (P0) sampai 19,32±2,08 g/dL (P2). Sedangkan nilai H/L berkisar 0,61±0,04%(P2) sampai 0,66± 0,06 % (P0). Hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pakanmengandung hasil ikutan perikanan tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai hematokrit,hemoglobin dan rasio H/L darah ayam kampung super. Formula pakan P3 yang mengandung 3%tepung kepala udang dan 3% tepung rajungan dapat digunakan sebagai pakan alternatif agar byproductperikanan tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal, efektif dan efisien serta dapatmenekan biaya pakan dalam usaha budidaya ayam kampung super.

<p><strong><em>Abstract: </em></strong></p><p><em>Individuals may get the stress from everywhere which contact with them including the workplace. The aim of this study is to describe and update the empirical literature regarding job characteristic related stress as the risk factor of stroke both in woman and man workers. This review literature including studies published between 2009 until 2018. We searched by an electronic database including PUBMED, Web of Science and search engine Google scholar using several keywords related job stress. Analyzing data was used PCOT (Population, conclusion, outcome and time) for general questions and was assessed continuously in order to make better judgments about the value of each article. A literature search was performed nine studies from different countries. M</em><em>any factors induced the job stress which correlated the risk factors of stroke. Eight studies reported high job strain had association with the risk factor of stroke which is psychological pressure, excessive work, sitting and inconsistency of work. In contrast, there are two studies had a negative association between job strain and risk factor of stroke. High demand and low job control were causes the high job strain in the worker population. The company have to focus on regular check-up of workers.</em></p>