Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative, spiral bacterium that colonizes human stomach. Specially, this infection is associated with peptic ulcers and gastric cancers world-wide. [1][2][3] It is also classified as class 1 carcinogen for gastric cancer. 4 Due to the rapid identification of newer strains of this pathogenic bacteria, significant increase in the knowledge of its infectivity and pathogenicity has been conferred in past few decades. In the acidic environment of the stomach, this bacterium survives through an array of
Glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) signals through a multi‐component receptor system predominantly consisting of glycosyl‐phosphatidylinositol‐anchored GDNF family receptor alpha‐1 (GFRα1) and the Rearranged during transfection (RET) receptor tyrosine kinase. GDNF/RET signaling is vital to the central and peripheral nervous system, kidney morphogenesis, and spermatogenesis. In addition, the dysregulation of the GDNF/RET signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancers. Despite the extensive research on GDNF/RET signaling, a molecular network of reactions induced by GDNF reported across the published literature. However, a comprehensive GDNF/RET pathway resource is currently unavailable. We describe an integrated signaling pathway reaction map of GDNF/RET consisting of 1151 molecular reactions. These include information pertaining to 52 molecular association events, 70 enzyme catalysis events, 36 activation/inhibition events, 22 translocation events, 856 gene regulation events, and 115 protein‐level expression events induced by GDNF in diverse cell types. We developed a comprehensive GDNF/RET signaling network map based on these molecular reactions. The pathway map was made accessible through WikiPathways database (https://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP5143).
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