Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains to be a major burden in India. Treatment adherence is a key factor in the outcome of therapy. Non-adherence may also result in acquired drug resistance. This study has been one of the very few research endeavours to identify factors associated with non-adherence to TB treatment among paediatric patients in Hyderabad. The objectives are to determine the factors influencing non-adherence to treatment among paediatric TB patients and to study the role of sociodemographic factors in non-adherence to treatment.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between June 2021 to September 2021 among paediatric TB patients ≤18 years old who were on anti-TB treatment in field practice area of Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad. By using convenient sampling method, a sample size of 150 has been taken. Data was collected using a pretested semi structured questionnaire. Data was entered into Microsoft excel and analysed using Epi Info version 7.2.2.6 and frequencies, proportions, and Chi square tests used.Results: Among the 150 paediatric TB patients, majority 56.2% of the patients belong to male gender. Non-adherent to anti-tuberculosis treatment were 18%. In this, 10% belongs to younger age (<5 years), 4% females, 14% males, 13.3% rural residence, 4.7% urban residency, 14% were having side effects. The presence of side effects to anti-tubercular is the main influencing factors for non-adherence to treatment.Conclusions: The identification of various factors could help in increasing the knowledge about TB and in taking measures to cope-up with side effects to anti-tubercular medications which is required to improve treatment adherence.
Background: Immunization is a process in which a person is made resistant to infectious disease, by the administration of vaccine. Immunization is averting an estimated 2-3 million deaths every year. Deaths among under 5 children from measles and its complication is the major killer worldwide. As per 2017 global coverage of measles is 89% and pentavalent (diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus) its 85%. Still 71 countries have yet to achieve global vaccine action plan (GVAP) target of 90% coverage of 3 doses of DTP. India is one among these countries with only 63.9% coverage, and the state of Telangana has coverage of 67.5% according to National family health survey-4 (NFHS-4) (2015-2016).Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among 12-24 months age children, sample size of 199 is calculated by using the formula of 4pq/l2 and by considering the immunization coverage of 66.7% according to the NFHS-4 (2015-2016) of Telangana state and allowable absolute error of 7% and nonresponsive rate of 10%, simple random sampling technique was used and data collected by using semi-structured questionnaire, data was analysed using MS-office and OpenEpi.Results: Among 199 study population 136 children were Hindus and 53 were Muslims and 10 from other religion. Mean age and standard deviation of study population was 14±4.56. Among total population 72.9% (145) are completely immunized, 25% (50) are partially immunized 2.04% (4) are unimmunized.Conclusion: Immunization coverage was higher in the present study then the state of Telangana i.e., 67.5% as per NFHS-4.the rural population.
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