Exopolysaccharides (EPS) were isolated from mice ovarian microflora Bacillus velezensis OM03 to investigate their chemical properties and cytotoxic potential against human ovarian carcinoma cell lines PA-1 and SKOV-3. The structural analysis of EPS from OM03 using Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Gas chromatography-Mass revealed that it is a novel heteropolysaccharide made of glucose and mannose units connected with α-1,4 and β-1,4 bonds. Attractively, the EPS inhibited the proliferation of SKOV-3 and PA-1 cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC 50 values of 620 and 238 µg/ml, respectively, according to 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tests. Moreover, EPS-OM03 caused DNA fragmentation in PA-1 cell lines and boosted the expression of active caspase-3, both of which triggered apoptosis. Furthermore, the experiment with the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane demonstrated that treatment with EPS-OM03 exhibits an in vivo antiangiogenic effect with an IC 50 of 146 µg/ml. In conclusion, our work offers scientific support for the development and use of pharmaceuticals derived from the microbiome, and it suggests that the EPS from B. velezensis OM03 may be a lead molecule in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Introduction and Aim: The health advantages, enhanced organoleptic features, and global economic significance of probiotic-enriched food items have motivated researchers to discover novel probiotics. In light of this, a study was performed to assess the probiotic potential of five Bacillus strains isolated from the ovaries of 8-week-old mice in a previous study. Materials and Methods: The five Bacillus strains were appraised for their probiotic potentials, such as tolerance to acidic pH, bile salt, and phenol. The haemolytic behaviour, antibiotic sensitivity characteristics, and capacity to produce amylase, protease and L-asparaginase were also assessed. Results: All the isolates exhibited high survival in simulated gastric juice conditions such as pepsin containing acidic pH environments, up to 1% bile, and 0.5% phenol. Bacillus cereus OM02 and Bacillus velezensis OM03 exhibited the highest tolerance, with 50 % of survival at pH 2.5 and 1% bile salt-containing media. All the isolates were found to be amylase and protease producers and non-beta-haemolytic, however, OM02 and OM04 were beta-haemolytic. Extracts from the strain OM03 also exhibited dosage-dependent ferric-reducing antioxidant power. Except for OM04, which is resistant to ampicillin and sulphatriad, and OM01 and OM02, which are sulphatriad-resistant, all isolates were susceptible to most antibiotics. This is the first study on Bacillus species from Swiss albino mouse ovarian to evaluate probiotic potential. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Bacillus velezensis OM03, Bacillus aerius OM01, and Bacillus subtilis OM05 are suitable probiotic candidates and may be used in both animal and human formulations to improve consumer health.
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