Over the past decade the variety of hosts and vector systems for recombinant protein expression has increased dramatically. Researchers now select from among mammalian, insect, yeast, and prokaryotic hosts, and the number of vectors available for use in these organisms continues to grow. With the increased availability of cDNAs and protein coding sequencing information, it is certain that these and other, yet to be developed systems will be important in the future. Despite the development of eukaryotic systems, E. coli remains the most widely used host for recombinant protein expression. Optimization of recombinant protein expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic host systems has been carried out by varying simple parameters such as expression vectors, host strains, media composition, and growth temperature. Recombinant gene expression in eukaryotic systems is often the only viable route to the large-scale production of authentic, post translationally modified proteins. It is becoming increasingly easy to find a suitable system to overexpress virtually any gene product, provided that it is properly engineered into an appropriate expression vector.
Due to the rising depletion of fossil fuels and increased energy demands, human society is looking for clean sustainable energy. Commercially produced algal biodiesel is limited by the expense and difficulty of oil extraction and subsequent biodiesel conversion technologies. Microalgae with high oil content are only alternatives for decreasing fossil fuel supplies, but more work remains to be done to improve the lipid content of microalgae strains. In this study, strain improvement is done using microwave radiation in Scenedesmus abundans to increase the production of triacylglycerol, which is the main source of biodiesel. Microalgal cultures were exposed to varied microwave irradiation over different time periods. Under microwave irradiation, 20-25 mins reaction time seems suitable for the complete in situ transesterification reaction. Microwave heating transesterification has been shown to be more effective for adequate biodiesel yield compared to the conventional transesterification process. Maximum increase of 2.22-fold in biomass, and 2.5-fold in triacylglycerol was observed for microwave irradiation of 25 mins and 20 mins intervals respectively. The percentage of some monounsaturated fatty acids increased in gas chromatographic examination of neutral lipid fractions from total lipids of microwave irradiated samples, is considered as one of the preferable properties of biodiesel. According to our study findings, Scenedesmus abundans qualifies as the most efficient feedstock for biodiesel production, and microwave-assisted in situ transesterification reduces the requirement for a large amount of solvents, longer reaction times, and high reaction temperatures and pressures.
Due to the rising depletion of fossil fuels and increased energy demands, human society is looking for clean sustainable energy. Commercially produced algal biodiesel is limited by the expense and difficulty of oil extraction and subsequent biodiesel conversion technologies. Microalgae with high oil content are only alternatives for decreasing fossil fuel supplies, but more work remains to be done to improve the lipid content of microalgae strains. In this study, strain improvement is done using microwave radiation in Scenedesmus abundans to increase the production of triacylglycerol, which is the main source of biodiesel. Microalgal cultures were exposed to varied microwave irradiation over different time periods. Under microwave irradiation, 20-25 mins reaction time seems suitable for the complete in situ transesterification reaction. Microwave heating transesterification has been shown to be more effective for adequate biodiesel yield compared to the conventional transesterification process. Maximum increase of 2.22-fold in biomass, and 2.5-fold in triacylglycerol was observed for microwave irradiation of 25 mins and 20 mins intervals respectively. The percentage of some monounsaturated fatty acids increased in gas chromatographic examination of neutral lipid fractions from total lipids of microwave irradiated samples, is considered as one of the preferable properties of biodiesel. According to our study findings, Scenedesmus abundans qualifies as the most efficient feedstock for biodiesel production, and microwave-assisted in situ transesterification reduces the requirement for a large amount of solvents, longer reaction times, and high reaction temperatures and pressures.
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