We report the first study of the gas generation and thermal wave behavior during the performance of the novel nanoenergetic system based on aluminum and bismuth hydroxide Al-Bi(OH) 3 . The thermodynamic calculations demonstrated that this system is comparable to one of the most powerful known nano-thermite systems, Al-Bi 2 O 3 , in terms of energy capacity per initial charge mass, and may generate more than twice gaseous products 0.0087 mol/g. Differential scanning calorimeter analysis shows that homogenization of as-received powder by using mechanical activation is an essential step to reduce the decomposition energy of bismuth hydroxide by 30 %, which results in nano thermite with higher pressure discharge abilities. The mechanical activation with energy of 450-750 kJ/g is enough to transform micro meter sized particles to sub-micro and nano-sized domain. The resulting nano thermite generated significant value of pressure discharge up to 5.6 kPa m 3 /g.
Hydroxide‐aluminum based nano‐energetic materials are new class of thermites which demonstrated high theoretical energy capacity of up to 50 kJ cm−3. Most of the hydroxide‐aluminum based systems exhibit a large gas generation (greater than two liters per gram) and high adiabatic combustion temperature (up to 3000 K), which ensures performance that attributes significantly for applications such as solid fuel propulsion, explosives, airbag deployment, etc. Thermodynamic calculations performed for a collection of 16 novel hydroxide‐based nano‐thermite systems show that most of the systems are stable. Four systems, based on bismuth, copper, nickel and cerium hydroxides, were mixed with aluminum to prepare nano‐thermites compositions. These formulations were tested to estimate the heat generation and pressure discharge values during the ignition. These systems were stable below ignition temperature, between 570–600 °C. The strongest performance was recorded for Al−Bi(OH)3 formulation with 5.6 kPa*m3 g−1 peak pressure, which is comparable to highest values reported in literature.
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