A simple template assisted approach for fabricating I–III–VI
semiconductor nanowire arrays is presented. Vertically aligned arrays of
CuInSe2
(CIS) nanowires of controllable diameter and length were synthesized by
pulse cathodic electrodeposition from a novel acidic electrolyte solution
into anodized alumina (AAO) templates, followed by annealing at
220 °C
in vacuum. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the nanowires were dense
and compact. Depending on the dimensions of the starting AAO template, the
diameters ranged from 5 to 40 nm and the lengths ranged from 600 nm to
5 µm;
the grain size was estimated to be less than 5 nm. The composition of the nanowires was analyzed
by energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and was found to be close to stoichiometric
CuInSe2
within the limit of the resolution of the EDX technique. High resolution
transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction revealed high purity
CuInSe2
nanowires with a preferred [112] orientation.
Samarium-doped cerium oxide (CeO 2 : Sm) and undoped cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) thin films were fabricated by electrodeposition on biaxially textured Ni -3% W substrates. The electrodeposited layers were annealed for several hours at temperatures ranging from 910 to 980 °C. The resulting crystalline films were investigated by XRD and SEM. The CeO 2 crystallite size was correlated to the formation of microcrack in CeO 2 and CeO 2 : Sm using the Scherrer equation of XRD analysis. Crack-free films with an average grain size of about 28 nm were obtained for both Ce 0.92 Sm 0.08 O 2-δ and Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2-δ films. Sm doping strongly affects the crystallite size, crystal structure, texture, and crack formation in ceria films. The lattice parameter a increases and crystallite size is reduced with increased Sm doping. All electrodeposited films are highly biaxially textured. When compared to Ni-based substrates, improvements in the out-of-plane and in-plane texture in ceria-and Sm-doped ceria films were achieved.
Superconducting Tl-1223 and Tl-2223 films have been prepared in a two steps process : deposition of Ba:Ca:Cu = 2:2:3 precursor by spray pyrolysis and ex-situ thallination. Pure textured Tl-1223 films with good superconducting properties (Tc = 113K and Jc = 0.7 MA/cm2 at 77K, 0T) have been obtained. Almost pure Tl-2223 films have been obtained when precursor films have been thallinated with fluorinated sources.
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