Melioidosis which is endemic in South East Asia and Northern Australia is now being reported from the Indian subcontinents as well. Meliodosis rarely presents as pericardial effusion. We report a case of B. pseudomallei causing pericardial effusion from India, where the most common infective cause of pericardial effusion is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The chronic presentation of melioidosis is not unlike tuberculosis, and the clinician must have a high index of suspicion to diagnose meliodosis, especially in geographical areas where both tuberculosis and melioidosis are prevalent.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v13i2.9368 J Medicine 2012; 13 : 230-232

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Background: Cerebrovascular accident (also known as stroke) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Renal dysfunction may be associated with increased recurrence of stroke and poorer long-term outcomes. Aims and Objectives: a) To find the relationship between CKD and occurrence of acute stroke b) To estimate the incidence of AKI in patients admitted with acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of renal function in patients admitted in K.V.G. Medical College Hospital with the diagnosis of “Acute stroke.” All patients admitted in Medical Intensive Care Unit (M-ICU) and general wards from 1st November 2018 to 31st March 2020 were included in the study. Results: In this study, we included 80 patients who were admitted with the diagnosis of acute stroke. Sixty-four patients (80%) had ischemic stroke and remaining sixteen (20%) had haemorrhagic stroke. Twenty-eight patients (35%) had renal dysfunction. The distribution of different types of renal dysfunction among different types of stroke was statistically insignificant (p value = 0.529). Incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in our study is 25%. 12 patients (15%) were found to have chronic kidney disease (CKD). The prevalence of CKD varies from 20 to 35% in ischemic stroke and 20 to 46% in haemorrhagic stroke. Conclusion: Renal dysfunction occurs frequently in patients with stroke. There was a significant proportion of patients with renal dysfunction. However, further prospective cohort studies are needed to find out the effect of renal dysfunction on stroke recovery and mortality.

Background: Abnormalities in thyroid function have been reported in patients with connective tissue disorders. In India many patients suffer from thyroid dysfunction and rheumatological disorders. There is a lack of awareness of thyroid dysfunction in patients suffering from connective tissue disorders. Also, studies regarding the same are lacking in India. Aims and Objective: The current study was undertaken to estimate the Prevalence of Thyroid dysfunction in connective tissue disorders. Materials and Methods: It’s a duration based, prospective cross-sectional study including 100 patients. Patients presenting with connective tissue disorders were evaluated for thyroid function clinically and were subjected to serum TSH, Free T3, Free T4 and Anti-thyroid antibodies. The association was analyzed using frequency analysis, percentage analysis, and Chi-Square test. Results: Of the 100 patients in this study, predilection of connective tissue disorders was seen among females. The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with connective tissue disorder was 41%. 22% of the 100 patients had Anti-TPO antibodies suggestive of autoimmune thyroiditis. Our study showed 42.1% of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 45.5% of the patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, 50% of the patients with Sjogren’s syndrome, 27.3% of the patients with Systemic sclerosis, and 42.9% of the patients with mixed connective tissue disorder had thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the increased prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among patients with connective tissue disorders and shows a female preponderance, in the age group of 45-65 years. Hence, early screening and intervention will prevent significant morbidity and improve the quality of patients’ life.