Objective To characterize patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in a large New York City medical center and describe their clinical course across the emergency department, hospital wards, and intensive care units. Design Retrospective manual medical record review. Setting NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, a quaternary care academic medical center in New York City. Participants The first 1000 consecutive patients with a positive result on the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) who presented to the emergency department or were admitted to hospital between 1 March and 5 April 2020. Patient data were manually abstracted from electronic medical records. Main outcome measures Characterization of patients, including demographics, presenting symptoms, comorbidities on presentation, hospital course, time to intubation, complications, mortality, and disposition. Results Of the first 1000 patients, 150 presented to the emergency department, 614 were admitted to hospital (not intensive care units), and 236 were admitted or transferred to intensive care units. The most common presenting symptoms were cough (732/1000), fever (728/1000), and dyspnea (631/1000). Patients in hospital, particularly those treated in intensive care units, often had baseline comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Patients admitted to intensive care units were older, predominantly male (158/236, 66.9%), and had long lengths of stay (median 23 days, interquartile range 12-32 days); 78.0% (184/236) developed acute kidney injury and 35.2% (83/236) needed dialysis. Only 4.4% (6/136) of patients who required mechanical ventilation were first intubated more than 14 days after symptom onset. Time to intubation from symptom onset had a bimodal distribution, with modes at three to four days, and at nine days. As of 30 April, 90 patients remained in hospital and 211 had died in hospital. Conclusions Patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 at this medical center faced major morbidity and mortality, with high rates of acute kidney injury and inpatient dialysis, prolonged intubations, and a bimodal distribution of time to intubation from symptom onset.

Observation and Properties of the X(3872) Decaying to J/ψ π + π − in pp Collisions at √ s= 1.96 TeV

We present a brief review on the Raychaudhuri equations. Beginning with a summary of the essential features of the original article by Raychaudhuri and subsequent work of numerous authors, we move on to a discussion of the equations in the context of alternate non-Riemannian spacetimes as well as other theories of gravity, with a special mention on the equations in spacetimes with torsion (Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory). Finally, we give an overview of some recent applications of these equations in general relativity, quantum field theory, string theory and the theory of relativisitic membranes. We conclude with a summary and provide our own perspectives on directions of future research. The beginningsAbout half a century ago, general relativity (GR) was young (just forty years old!), and even the understanding of the simplest solution, the Schwarzschild, was incomplete. Cosmology was virtually in its infancy, despite the fact that the FriedmannLemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) solutions had been around for quite a while. The question about the then-known exact solutions of GR, which worried the serious relativist quite a bit, concerned their singular nature. Both the Schwarzschild and the cosmological solutions were singular. It is well-known that the creator of GR, Einstein himself, was quite worried about the appearance of singularities in his theory. Was there a way out? Was it correct to believe in a theory which had singular solutions? Were singularities inevitable in GR?It was during these days in the early 1950s, Raychaudhuri began examining some of these questions in GR. One of his early works during this era involved the construction of a non-static solution of the Einstein equations for a cluster of radially moving particles in an otherwise empty space [1]. A year before, he had also written an article related to condensations in an expanding Universe [2] 49

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