Background: Pex5 transports PTS1 proteins to peroxisomes, releases them there, and returns to the cytosol. Results: Several steps of the import cycle are controlled by redox-sensitive oligomeric states of Pex5. Conclusion: Cargo release from Pex5 is achieved by a redox-regulated oligomer to dimer transition of Pex5 and aided by Pex8. Significance: This redox regulation of Pex5 function provides the first mechanistic view of cargo release.
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