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Purpose: This article aims to evaluate the effect of dietary protein levels on growth performance and some blood biochemical composition of male Japanese quail. Study Design: Qualitative Descriptive Design. Subjects and Methods: Three hundred, three week old apparently healthy male Japanese quail were used in this experiment. The birds were randomly allocated into 5 groups with 3 replicates of 20 birds for 21 days of experimental period and placed in cages, measuring 100 cm (length) x100 cm (width) x 80 cm (height). Group A was fed on diet 1 containing 18% crude protein, Group B was fed on diet 2 containing 20% crude protein, Group C was fed on diet 3 containing 22% crude protein, Group D was fed on diet 4 containing 24% crude protein and Group E was fed on diet 5containing 26% crude protein. All groups were subjected to similar management practices. Results: The findings showed that growth performance parameters significantly improved as dietary crude protein level increased. However dietary protein level beyond 22% has no beneficial effect on growth. Biochemical examination results demonstrated that the crude protein level in diet was not significantly affected the blood glucose, cholesterol,   bilirubin, calcium, phosphorus and liver enzyme activities (ASAT and ALT). However, we noticed a significant effect (P<0.05) about Total protein, Albumin, Urea, Triglycerides, Creatinine and Uric acid. Despite the variation of these parameters, they remain within the normal range. Conclusion: Therefore, it is concluded that dietary protein levels do not affect quail health. The crude protein requirement for Japanese quail from 21 to 42 days old is 22%.

Background: In Côte d’Ivoire, as in most developing countries, the reference values of hematological indices currently in use come from data collected from populations living in industrialized countries. The aim of this study was to determine variations in the child's blood count in Cote d'Ivoire. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study has focused on 310 children (172 girls and 138 boys) aged 5 to 11 years selected from three municipalities of Abidjan. Blood samples were taken from each child in order to assess the parameters of the blood count. Results: The results revealed that the means of the different hematological parameters (red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocyte, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) were in accordance with the normal physiological reference values from the literature apart lymphocyte. The rate of lymphocytes (51.3 ± 0.5) was higher overall. All the parameters did not indicate significant differences between girls and boys (p > 0.05) except mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin that were statistically different by sex (p < 0.05). The percentage of having a rate of haemoglobin lower than 11.5 decreased significantly (p˂0.005) when the age increased. In addition, the rate of hemoglobin and hematocrit increased slightly starting from the age of 8 years. There is a significant difference (p < 0.05) in hemoglobin level between girls and boys in the age group of 9 years. Leukopenia is observed in a minority of children in the age groups of 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10 years. Conclusion: Some hematological parameters were different from other data published in the literature, which suggested a local development of reference values for children.

During pregnancy, physiological adjustments that may result in increased demand for energy and maternal food occur to support fetal development. In order to evaluate the effect of these metabolic variations on nutritional blood biomarkers, this study was undertaken on pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy. Thus, 150 pregnant women were recruited, by reason of 50 women per trimester of pregnancy, based on our inclusion and non-inclusion criteria. The average age of women was 26.4±0.5 years ranging from 18 to 35 years of age. From each fasted woman, blood was taken at the crease of the elbow in the morning. This blood was collected in tubes containing anticoagulant EDTA, anticoagulant sodium fluoride + potassium oxalate and tubes without anticoagulant for hematological and biochemical parameters determination. Hematological findings showed four types of anemia (hypochromic normocytic anemia, hypochromic microcytic anemia, normochromic normocytic anemia and normochromic microcytic anemia). Hypochromic microcytic anemia was highest (20%), in women being in their first trimester of pregnancy. Then, the latter type of anemia and hypochromic normocytic anemia (16%) simultaneously shared this preponderance of anemia, in the group of women being in their second trimester of pregnancy. Finally, among women in the third trimester of pregnancy, the prevalence of normochromic normocytic anemia (30%) was highest. At the biochemical level, a non-significant increase in HDL hypercholesterolemia, as well as a non-significant decrease in LDL cholesterol and sodium were noted. In addition, conjugated bilirubin was decreased significantly in the third trimester. In contrast, significant growth in hyperkalemia was noted in the third trimester. In addition, significant decreasing mean of conjugated bilirubin and increasing potassium were noted. Finally, a very highly significant increase in chlorine in the third term was recorded. The study revealed different types of more acute anemias in women being in their last term of pregnancy, and variations in serum potassium, chloride and bilirubin.

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The aim of this study was to understand the effects of Blighia sapida aril consumption on viscera and their functionalities. For this instance, quantities of arils were cooked (500 g/l) and lyophilize. Six homogeneous groups of young rats were fed ad libitum with six different diets which can be distinguished by the level of Blighia sapida aril powder put in the diet formulate. There were control diet (0% Blighia sapida arils powder), Bs1 (6.25% Blighia sapida arils powder), Bs2 (12.5% Blighia sapida arils powder), Bs3 (25% Blighia sapida arils powder), Bs4 (50% Blighia sapida arils powder) and Bs5 (75% Blighia sapida arils powder). At the end of the experimentation, blood samples were collected and were used for analyses of plasmatic bilirubin content. After sacrificed the experimental rats, stomach, liver, kidney, heart and lung were removed and weighted. These organs were processed for histopathological studies. There were no different variation (p>0.05) of bilirubin content between rats which received control diet and those which received the experimental diets. Organs weight of rats fed with diets Bs1, Bs2 and diet Bs3 were not globally different (p>0.05) compare to those of the control diet while organs weight of rats fed with diets Bs4 and Bs5 were globally reduced (p<0.05). No pathologies on viscera were observed when Blighia sapida aril powder is consumed with moderation (under a value of 50 % of nutrition value need). But, when consumed with exaggeration it provokes lipid nephrosis lesions on kidneys cells and necrosis on hepatic parenchyma. We can notice that Blighia sapida aril is rich nutritiously but it must be consumed with moderation in order to avoid pathologies on viscera.