The findings of this study indicate an increase in nursing burnout in government hospitals. An important issue in every health sector reform is nursing resource management, with a focus on burnout. Accordingly, policymakers should consider the work overload situation of nurses and work to prevent increased burnout, especially emotional exhaustion.
Background: HIV/AIDS stigma continues to be a social problem. Among infected patients, women who are infected with HIV by their husbands live in different conditions. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the psychosocial experiences of this population group. Patients and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Shiraz, Iran, to explore the experience of 10 women with HIV/AIDS. The data were gathered through two focus group discussions and analyzed using the conventional content analysis method. Results: The name HIV/AIDS entails severe fear called onomatophobia. In addition, social stigma, discrimination, and self-stigma were found to be experienced by the participants. Among those experiences, discrimination in health sectors and onomatophobia were most agonizing. Accordingly, the subjects reported they did not tend to disclose their problem in the society. Conclusions: Women with HIV/AIDS are faced with certain psychosocial pressures, and it is required to reduce discrimination and inequity against them. Alongside social attention, social work support and psychological counseling are suggested for these patients. In addition, health policymakers should pay more attention to this issue.
Background: The burnout phenomenon is a complex and multidimensional reality and also a common metaphor for a state of extreme psychophysical exhaustion that is usually related to work. Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate nursing burnout in 371 registered nurses at both governmental and private hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated nursing burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Independent sample T-test and one-way analysis of variance were performed to determine the association between demographic factors, the nurses' working environment, and nurse burnout. Results:The results of this study showed that nurses in internal medicine wards, at staff positions, and on rotating shifts in governmental hospitals have a high rate of total burnout (P < 0.05). In contrast, nurses with less than five years of work experience have a high rate of reduced personal accomplishment (P < 0.05). Also, nurses with 6 -15 years of work experience reported the highest incidence of emotional exhaustion (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Burnout is associated with some specific demographic and environmental features. To reduce and prevent burnout, nursing leadership should focus on personal accomplishments in nurses with little work experience, especially for nurses in internal medicine wards, on rotating shifts, and on staff wards. In addition, policy makers at higher levels should also consider nursing burnout in governmental hospitals.
Background: Sociologists regularly criticize the unbalanced doctor-patient interaction (DPI). A few previous studies have investigated DPI in developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the nature of DPI in one educational hospital in Shiraz, Iran, according to the views of patients and their relatives. Methods: This is a critical ethnography study that was conducted using a triangulation strategy in 2014, including156 clinical consultations, 920 hours of participant observations, and 6 focus groups with 51 patients and their families using a critical ethnography method. Sampling was purposeful, and the data were interpreted according to an exploration of the power relationship between the doctor and the patient in the context of the study according to the opinions of patients and their relatives. Results: The study showed that participants faced unexpected interactions, which included four features: unequal, unprofessional, instrumental, and non-cooperative. Although this form of interaction was explored to examine the struggle between the voice of medicine and the voice of the lifeworld, the results showed that the DPI in the context of our study contains hegemonic features, which are related to physicians' autonomy. Conclusions: These four themes revealed that patients are criticized about this form of interaction. These themes not only are not in line with the responsibilities and ethics of medicine but also are in contrast to it. It seems that patient-centered approaches can help solve the problem. In addition, the health system should monitor DPIs and promote them by reforming their structure.
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