Dependability and standardization are essential to the adoption of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in industrial applications. Standards such as ZigBee, WirelessHART, ISA100.11a and WIA-PA are, nowadays, at the basis of the main process-automation technologies. However, despite the success of these standards, management of WSNs is still an open topic, which clearly is an obstacle to dependability. Existing diagnostic tools are mostly application- or problem-specific, and do not support standard-based multi-network monitoring. This paper proposes a WSN monitoring architecture for process-automation technologies that addresses the mentioned limitations. Specifically, the architecture has low impact on sensor node resources, uses network metrics already available in industrial standards, and takes advantage of widely used management standards to share the monitoring information. The proposed architecture was validated through prototyping, and the obtained performance results are presented and discussed in the final part of the paper. In addition to proposing a monitoring architecture, the paper provides an in-depth insight into metrics, techniques, management protocols, and standards applicable to industrial WSNs.
Is it possible to analyze student academic performance using Human-in-the-Loop Cyber-Physical Systems (HiLCPS) and offering personalized learning methodologies? Taking advantage of the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile phone sensors, this article presents a system that can be used to adapt pedagogical methodologies and to improve academic performance. Thus, in this domain, the present work shows a system capable of analyzing student behavior and the correlation with their academic performance. Our system is composed of an IoT application named ISABELA and a set of open-source technologies provided by the FIWARE Project. The analysis of student performance was done through the collection of data, during 30 days, from a group of Ecuadorian university students at “Escuela Politécnica Nacional” in Quito, Ecuador. Data gathering was carried out during the first period of classes using the students’ smartphones. In this analysis, we found a significant correlation between the students’ lifestyle and their academic performance according to certain parameters, such as the time spent on the university campus, the students’ sociability, and physical activity, etc.
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