The synthesis of tri-substituted pyrazoles was achieved via direct N-heterocyclization of hydrazines with metal-acetylacetonate and -dibenzylideneacetonate without using any base or additives under microwave irradiation in a single step.
A novel and efficient I2/DMSO mediated metal-free strategy is presented for the direct C-C bond cleavage of aryl-/heteroaryl- or aliphatic α-ketoaldehydes by C2-decarbonylation and C1-carbonyl oxidation to give the corresponding carboxylic acids followed by esterification in one pot, offering excellent yields in both the steps. Here, DMSO acts as the oxygen source/oxidant and this reaction works very well under both conventional heating and microwave irradiation. This is a very simple and convenient protocol.
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