Background
It has been hypothesized that mental illness stigma differs according to what matters most to people, and that this results in value-based differences in stigma within societies. However, there is a lack of stigma measures that account for a broad range of values, including modern and liberal values.
Methods
For the development of the Value-based Stigma Inventory (VASI) a preliminary item-pool of 68 VASI-items was assembled by mental health and stigma experts. For psychometric evaluation, we tested the VASI in an online sample of the general population (n = 4983).
Results
Based on item-characteristics as well as explorative and confirmatory factor analyses, a final version of the VASI was developed, comprising 15 items and 5 subscales. The VASI shows good psychometric properties (item difficulty = 0.34 to 0.67; mean inter-item correlation r = 0.326; Cronbach’s α = 0.879). Medium to high correlations with established stigma scales (SDS, SSMI), medium associations with instruments assessing personal values (PVQ, KSA-3) and small to no associations with a social desirability scale (KSE-G) attest to good convergent and discriminatory validity of the new instrument. Normative values for the VASI subscales are presented.
Conclusions
The developed VASI can be used to assess public stigma of mental illness including personal stigma-relevant value orientations.
Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Vorstellung einer deutschen Version der Prejudice towards People with Mental Illness Scale in Lang- (PPMI-DL) und Kurzform (PPMI-DK) und psychometrische Evaluierung an einer deutschen Bevölkerungsstichprobe.
Methodik Deutsche Übersetzung und Überprüfung auf Passung zur Originalversion nach Rückübersetzung und Durchführung einer Online-Befragung (N = 1004).
Ergebnisse Itemschwierigkeiten und Trennschärfen liegen im wünschenswerten mittleren Bereich. Hohe bis exzellente interne Konsistenzen (PPMI-DL: α = 0,919; PPMI-DK: α = 0,872) in der Gesamtskala. Mittels konfirmatorischer Faktoranalysen konnten die 4 Subskalen der Originalskala bestätigt werden. Mittlere Korrelationen mit autoritären Einstellungen (KSA-3) und gering negative Zusammenhänge mit Sozialer Erwünschtheit (KSE-G). Normwerte für die PPMI-Subskalen werden berichtet.
Schlussfolgerung Die PPMI-D kann im deutschsprachigen Raum eingesetzt werden, um Vorurteile gegenüber psychisch kranken Menschen zu erheben.
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