Background:The present study aimed to examine the association between cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer risk among Korean adults.Methods:Data from the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort between 1993 and 2005 were analyzed. The study population comprised 18,707 subjects aged older than 20 years old. The subjects were followed until December 31, 2011 (median follow-up of 11.2 years). The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption for colorectal cancer risk.Results:In men, longer duration and higher average amount of alcohol consumption were associated with elevated risk of colorectal cancer (HR 1.93 [1.17–3.18] for ≥ 30 years of consumption compared to non-drinkers; HR 2.24 [1.31–3.84] for ≥ 30 g/d). Former smokers showed a non-significantly elevated risk of colorectal cancer in men. There was no apparent association between alcohol consumption or cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer risk among women.Conclusions:Alcohol consumption was associated with increased colorectal cancer risk among Korean men, and both a longer duration and a higher amount of consumption were associated with elevated risk.
Objectives: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are rare but highly fatal. Although the etiology of BTC is poorly understood, gallstones are proposed to be an imperative risk factor.We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the associations between gallstone characteristics and the risk of BTC. Methods:We searched the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases and systematically reviewed cohort and case-control studies published before April 9, 2018.All the included studies reported appropriate risk estimates and their confidence intervals (CIs) on the association between the presence, size, number, or duration of gallstones and the risk of BTC, including gallbladder cancer (GBC), extrahepatic bile duct cancer (EBDC), and ampulla of Vater cancer (AOVC). Summary odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model meta-analysis.Subgroup analyses were conducted to inspect the source of potential heterogeneity, and Egger's test was performed to assess publication bias.Results: A total of seven cohort studies and 23 case-control studies in the Asian, European, and American populations were included. The presence of gallstones was associated with an increased risk of BTC (OR=4.38; 95% CI=3.23-5.93; I 2 =91.2%), GBC (OR=7.26; 95% CI=4.33-12.18), EBDC (OR=3.17; 95% CI=2.24-4.50), and AOVC (OR=3.28; 95% CI=1.33-8.11). Gallstone size (>1 cm vs. <1 cm; OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.10-3.22) was significantly associated with the risk of GBC. Conclusions:This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that gallstone characteristics, such as presence, size, and number, are associated with an increased risk of BTC. However, the study has limitations that significantly high heterogeneities were E p u b a h e a d o f p r i n t present in the meta-analyses.
Objectives: To examine the association between body mass index (BMI), physical activity and colorectal cancer risk among Korean adults. Methods: Data from the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort (KMCC) between 1993 and 2005 were analyzed. The study population comprised 12,379 subjects aged above 20 years old. The subjects were followed until December 31, 2011 (median follow-up of 10.1 years). Measured weight and height values was used to calculate BMI and self-reported total time spent for physical activity were used. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of BMI and physical activity for colorectal cancer risk. Results: Men who did moderate physical activity showed a lower risk for colorectal cancer (HR 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19-0.65 for 30-419 minutes compared to who spend less than 30 minutes a week doing moderate activities). We did not find any association between the total time of vigorous activities and muscle-strengthening activities and colorectal cancer risk in both men and women. Men with BMI of 25 or higher showed an increased risk for colorectal cancer compared to men with BMI of 18.5 to 22.9 (HR 1.64, 95% CI 0.94-2.88 for 25.0-29.9 kg/m2; HR 1.64, 95% CI 0.94-2.88 for greater than 30.0 kg/m2). Conclusions: Moderate physical activities were associated with lower colorectal cancer risk among Korean men. Citation Format: Sooyoung Cho, Aesun Shin, Sue K. Park, Hai-Rim Shin, Soung-Hoon Chang, Keun-Young Yoo. Body mass index, physical activity and risk of colorectal cancer in the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort (KMCC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1734.
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