This paper presents a novel method in near-field beam shaping based on the precise optical modeling of a gallium nitride light-emitting diode (GaN LED). A Monte Carlo ray tracing simulation has been utilized to calculate the spatial photon distribution near the LED's top. By analyzing the ray data in near-field, the miniaturized lens profile is created and machined with aspherical surfaces and total internal reflection (TIR) Fresnel facets. The prototype lens reduce the viewing angle of the LED from 150 degrees to 17.5 degrees at full width half maximum (FWHM) while increasing the peak luminous intensity 10 times. The array of proposed lens with CSP LEDs exhibits feasibility of ultra thin uniform illumination in near-field.
In this study, we presented a light-emitting diode-based (LED) miniaturized optical pattern imager for slim mobile phone application. To meet volume constraints, we designed a miniaturized compact illuminating and imaging optical component. The objective was to minimize optical loss using several nano- and micro-fabrication methods. After integration into a single optical body, the prototype imager-with dimensions of 6.8 × 2.2 × 2.5 mm and a weight of 0.4 g-demonstrated clear feasibility in measuring 2D micropatterns with widths of 50 and 10 μm.
AZ31 Mg / 5083 Al clad sheet was fabricated by the hot rolling method and its
mechanical properties were investigated in this study. The tensile strength and yield strength of Mg-
Al clad samples were slightly higher than that of AZ31 Mg sample, resulting in high strength 5083
Al alloy. Also, in the case of the AZ31 Mg sample, tensile strength indicated different values to the
rolling directions. The thickness of interface layers between magnesium and aluminum materials
increased with increasing rolling temperature. The thickness of interface layer was about 1.2 μm
and 1.6 μm, respectively. The difference of thickness on the interface layer with variation of rolling
temperature was attributed to promote the diffusion between magnesium and aluminum materials.
The Vickers hardness of Mg-Al interface layer was around 125 Hv. The interface layer composed
of hard inter-metallic phases which may act a increment of Vickers hardness depending upon its
thickness.
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