ObjectivesNurses have been identified as an instrumental partner in tobacco reduction. This study aimed to examine factors affecting Korean nurses' intention to implement smoking cessation intervention in Busan, Korea.MethodsThe participants were a total of 215 Korean registered nurses. A self-administered questionnaire evaluated predisposing factors, motivational factors (attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy) and intention to implement smoking cessation intervention. Data were analyzed by t tests, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 28.12 ± 5.72 years. The majority of the participants were staff nurses (85.6%), and 64.2% of the sample had < 5 years of work experience. Significant predictors of intention to implement smoking cessation intervention included perceived barrier of smoking cessation intervention (β = −0.128, p = 0.023), willingness to receive smoking cessation training (β = 0.123, p = 0.034), more positive attitude (β = 0.203, p = 0.002), higher social influence (β = 0.292, p < 0.001), and higher self-efficacy toward smoking cessation intervention (β = 0.151, p = 0.021), which explained 45% of the total variance of intention to implement smoking cessation intervention.ConclusionAttitude, social influence, and self-efficacy towards smoking cessation intervention had a significant positive influence in determining the intention to implement smoking cessation intervention. These findings can be used to develop evidence-based smoking cessation training programs for nurses in Korea. The programs should aim for positive attitude, higher social influence, and higher self-efficacy in hospital settings.
BackgroundMedical professionalism is a core aspect of medical education and practice worldwide. Medical professionalism must be reinterpreted to adapt to different social/cultural/historical contexts. We conducted a survey to examine the current understanding and perceived value of medical professionalism among Korean physicians.MethodsThe survey was distributed to 950 physicians nationwide; 721 (75.89 %) completed surveys were returned between 1 April and 31 July 2011.ResultsIn their practice, Korean physicians prioritized the values and virtues of medical professionalism in the following (descending) order: veracity, respect for patient autonomy, integrity, responsibility, altruism, and honesty. Approximately two-thirds of physicians responded that medical professionalism is an element of their vocation. When asked to choose the most important sets of attributes or virtues of medical professionalism from a provided list, the top three sets (in descending order of frequency) were: “responsibility and duty,” “veracity, integrity, and honesty,” and “rapport with patients and conversational skill.”ConclusionsKorean physicians value moral duties, such as responsibility and veracity, more than they do moral virtues, such as altruism and honesty with patients. It is presumed that physicians are under pressure due to governmental regulation of the national healthcare system and have difficulty exercising their autonomy.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12910-015-0051-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
ObjectivesThis study was conducted to evaluate whether a “smoking cessation intervention” education program based on blended learning, was effective in improving nursing students’ perceived competence and motivation to perform a smoking cessation intervention for smokers.MethodsA quasi-experimental, pretest–posttest design was conducted. The smoking cessation intervention education program based on blended learning, was administered to the experimental group (n = 23) in 5 sessions, consisting of 2 courses of an e-learning program and 1 course of a face-to-face learning program per session. The control group (n = 21) received the opportunity to participate in an e-learning program as well as receiving material of a face-to-face learning program, after completion of the smoking cessation intervention education program.ResultsThe experimental group showed significant differences in autonomous motivation (t = −6.982, p < 0.001), controlled motivation (t = −3.729, p = 0.001), and perceived competence compared to the control group (t = −3.801, p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study showed that a smoking cessation intervention education program adopting blended learning, was significantly effective in enhancing nursing students’ autonomous motivation and perceived competence to conduct a smoking cessation intervention. Further studies are needed to confirm longitudinal effects of this program.
Obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socioeconomic groups, irrespective of age, gender or ethnicity. In many countries, obesity trends are causing serious public health concerns threatening the viability of basic health care delivery. In this article, we examine the trends of adolescent obesity at the national level in South Korea introducing a new approach for visualising data at the local level based on linked micromap plots. Our analysis shows that the obesity rates for 2013 have only increased slightly since 2006 for South Korean adolescents of both genders in various age groups. However, considerable increases could be observed for the subgroup of adolescent males and adolescent females living in rural areas. Trends at the local level show a slight increase of the prevalence of obesity in most regions of the country, with the highest obesity prevalence found in the Northeast. IntroductionThe prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents has become a serious epidemic health problem that is now estimated to be the fifth leading cause of mortality in the world (James et al., 2008). Excess body weight can also affect the quality of life, education and income potential (Kolotkin et al., 2001;McLaren, 2007;Puhl and Heuer, 2009). In addition, obesity is also associated with various diseases and it increases the risk of premature death (Fontaine et al., 2003; Pichainarong et al., 2006). Analysing the data and reporting the statistics are therefore important for the identification of health trends and establishment of normal health patterns. Overweight and obesity are most likely the result of complex interactions between genes, lifestyles, dietary habits and socioeconomic factors. As the targets of many public health strategies, life-related factors are modifiable and have been highlighted in many investigations. It is evident that life-related factors, such as physical activity and eating habits, are associated with paediatric overweight and obesity (Han et al., 2010).In many cases, health data are presented in extensive data tables that are often sorted alphabetically. However, such tabular presentations tend to be uninformative as it is difficult to quickly find the extreme values (minimum and maximum) in a table and to identify table rows with similar contents. In case of geographic information, tables usually do not allow for a quick link between table rows representing specific geographic regions and the locations of these regions on a map. This fact suggests that the conversion of tabular data into a visual context would better illustrate patterns and relationships in the data as pointed out by Gebreab et al. (2008). In addition, interpreting and understanding health data usually requires the consideration of the appropriate spatial context because many health datasets come with geographic information. Some health studies in the past incorporated the spatial context in the data analysis (Edsall, 2003;Ezzati et al., 2006;Jacob et al., 2010). Most of the past studies, however, used only ...
Background Avoiding causative allergens is important for controlling the clinical course of allergic diseases. Allergen sensitization is influenced by many factors including the environment and lifestyle. The socioeconomic development, climate, and lifestyle changes have increased the prevalence of allergic diseases worldwide. However, there is little information about changes in the trend of the common allergens over time. Objective This study was aimed at identifying the trends of the common allergens in Korea over a 10-year period based on the results of the multiple allergosorbent test chemiluminescent assay (MAST-CLA). Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 5,760 patients aged ≥18 years who visited the Dermatology Department at a tertiary hospital over a period of 10 years. The serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) E and specific IgE levels to 41 allergens were determined using MAST-CLA, along with the clinical diagnosis, duration of illness, white blood cell count and eosinophil percentage. Results Dermatophagoides farinae , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus , and house dust were the most prevalent allergens during the 10 years period, but the percentage of higher class responses has decreased in recent years. The number of patients sensitized to house dust ( p <0.001), dogs ( p =0.005), and cats ( p <0.001) increased while that of patients sensitized to cockroaches ( p <0.001) and storage mites ( p <0.001) decreased over time. There were no significant changes in the total number of sensitizing allergens over time. Conclusion The common allergens have changed over time. Based on the findings of this study, physicians and patients should consider changing their strategies for disease prevention and management.
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