BACKGROUND: Ultrasonography is a common diagnostic procedure in patients with testicular abnormalities. Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is rarely discovered and is more common among elderly populations.
CASE PRESENTATION: This case describes a young male patient with a history of painless testicular enlargement. Ultrasonography reveals an incidental finding of hypoechoic echo structural mass and increased vascularity using color Doppler ultrasonography. The further pathological examination discovered the findings indicative of a non-Hodgkin, diffuse, and large B-cell lymphoma. These distinctive features should be helpful in suggesting a diagnosis of PTL on imaging.
CONCLUSION: PTL is a rare and aggressive extranodal NHL. Despite its low incidence, it is an extremely rare testicular cancer at a young age. Careful ultrasound imaging examination should be applied in patients with testicular enlargement. The presence of hypoechoic echostructural and an increase in vascularity should be considered for the possibility of a diagnosis of primary testicular tumor.
Tumefactive demyelinating lesion is a special type of neuro-inflammatory disease with unusual variants to be found in magnetic resonance imaging. It manifests as a solitary or multiple lesion greater than 2 cm in diameter and often clinically challenging because of its varieties of symptoms. We present a rare case of a 40-year-old male, presented with initial complaints of headache and unconsciousness. Yet, the physical examination findings showed normal results. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumefactive demyelinating lesion suspected with brain neoplasm.
Septo optic dysplasia (SOD) adalah kelainan kongenital yang jarang ditemukan, dengan angka kejadian 1 : 10.000 kelahiran hidup. Karakteristik SOD adalah ditemukannya dua dari tiga kelainan berupa disgenesis septum struktur midline otak, disgenesis saraf optikus, dan disfungsi kelenjar pituitari. Kami melaporkan seorang pasien perempuan berusia 11 tahun datang dengan keluhan mata juling dan gangguan penglihatan. Pada pemeriksaan mata, didapatkan visus mata kanan 1/60 dan mata kiri 6/6. CT scan menunjukan hipoplasia selubung saraf optikus kanan dan agenesis septum pelusidum. Pada pasien tidak terdapat gangguan pertumbuhan ataupun perkembangan serta tidak terdapat gangguan neurologi. Pemeriksaan radiologis memiliki peranan yang penting dalam membantu menegakkan diagnosis SOD karena baik untuk mengevaluasi struktur otak dan saraf optikus
Ewing's sarcoma is a highly malignant small round cell tumor from bone or soft tissue. The clinical manifestation is non-specific, with local pain being the most common symptom by far. It affects prevalently among children younger than ten years. The chromosomal translocation t(11;22)(q24:q12) is one of the causes of Ewing's sarcoma. The gold standard diagnostic is incisional biopsy, additionally with cytogenic immunohistochemical. The current standard treatment for resectable Ewing's sarcoma begins with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by limb salvage procedure and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. After resection of Ewing's sarcoma, the large bone defects should be reconstructed to restore the function of the affected limbs. The main options for reconstruction include autogenous bone grafts and endoprosthesis. Prognosis of Ewing's sarcoma is highly dependent on clinically evident metastatic disease, which may be preventable with early detection and treatment with aggressive local disease control and systemic multidrug chemotherapy. This article presents a rare case of an 8-year-old elementary schoolboy, diagnosed with Ewing's sarcoma of the proximal left humerus that was confirmed by plain radiograph and immunohistochemical biopsy. Patient's family discontinued the chemotherapy schedule and ignored the surgical reconstruction procedure.
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