Effects of oral rinsing with tridosan and sodium lauryl sulfate on dental plaque formation: a pilot study. Scand J Dent Res 1993; 101: 192-5. © Munksgaard, 1993. Mouthwashes containing 0.3'!^! or 0.15% tridosan in combination with 1.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) produced a significant reduction in plaque formation in a test panel of 11 students who refrained from oral hygiene during the test periods, during which they rinsed twice daily with different mouthwashes. PI.I. was evaluated after each test period. A mouthwash containing only 1.5% SLS inhibited plaque to almost the same degree. In both cases, the major effect was on the buccal/lingual surfaces, where score 2 was changed to score 0, Addition of tridosan appeared to reduce the untoward side-effects of mouthwashes containing SLS alone (i.e. desquamation and a burning sensation in the mouth).

Previous studies indicate that triclosan reduces the pain and other symptoms after chemically-induced inflammation in the oral mucosa and skin when sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is used as an irritant. The aim of the present study was to examine whether triclosan has an effect on the inflammation in human skin caused by intradermal administration of histamine. 9 female volunteers participated in a double-blind study, and skin patch tests were performed in 2 series. In the 1st, the skin was pre-treated for 1 h with triclosan before the histamine was applied. In the 2nd, the histamine reaction was elicited first and triclosan applied subsequently. The effect of triclosan on the weals formed in the skin after histamine application was measured. It was found that triclosan reduced the size of the weals markedly when triclosan was applied after the weals were formed, and that pre-treatment of the skin had only a slight effect. It is assumed that triclosan has an effect on the cascade reactions of inflammation elicited by histamine. 2 other phenols tested in the same study had similar effects.

– The present study showed that the growth of Streptococcus mutans GS5 was inhibited by xylitol, and this indicates together with previous reports that this is a common phenomenon in this species. Sorbitol was found to increase the growth of S. mutans strains OMZ 176 and GS5 slightly compared with cultures with no external carbon source. Additional of small amounts of xylitol to the sorbitol cultures give a growth below that of cultures with no extra carbon. Dental plaque chalenged with sorbitol gave a small pH drop whereas xylitol caused a negligible decrease in pH. Sorbitol‐xylitol challenges gave less acid production than sorbitol challenges alone.

Kjierheim V, Waaler SM, Rolla G: Significance of choice of solvents for the clinical effect of triclosan-containing mouthrinses. Scctnd J Dent Res 1994: 102: 202-205. © Munksgaard, 1994.The aitn of this study was to investigate the plaque-inhibiting effeet of triclosan. It is known that triclosan and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) have a marked inhibitory effeet. However, sitice SLS has a plaque-reducing effect in itself, the relative itnportanee of triclosan and the surfactant is undecided. Twelve dental students participated in the trial, during which oral hygiene was suspended for 4-day periods when the different mouthrinses were used twice daily. The following t::outhrinses were used: A, water (negative control); B, 0,2% chlorhexidine acetate (CHX) (positive control); C, 0.3' M) triclosan in water-free propyletie glycol (PG); D, 0,3% triclosan with 1.5% SLS in PG; E, 0,15% triclosan in PG; F, 0.075"/. triclosan in PG; G, 0.3% triclosan in diluted PG (1:8 in water) with 1.5% SLS; and H, 0.3% triclosan in 0.5'/. sodium carbonate. The results showed that triclosan dissolved in the organic solvent PG had a significant plaque-inhibiting effect, whereas, dissolved in alkali, it had a negligible effect. The addition of SLS to PG somewhat reduced the antiplaque activity, and the aqueous solution of triclosan had tnarkedly less effect. Lower coticentrations of triclosan exhibited less clinical effect than higher concentrations. It can be concluded that triclosan alone, dissolved in a suitable solvent, has an antiplaque effect. The study confirmed the hypothesis that the nature ofthe detergent or organic solvent used to dissolve triclosan affects its clinical effect lnarkedly. In vitro tests showed a similar antibacterial effect of solutions C, G, and H. Triclosan, 2,2,4'-trichloro-2'hydroxydiphenyl ether, is used in toothpastes and mouthrinses as an antiplaque agent. WAALER et al. (1) observed in a previous study that mouthrinses containing a combination of triclosan and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) dissolved in propylene glycol (PG) and water (1:8) had a good clinical effect and exerted a marked plaque inhibition in a test panel. However, the relative contribution of SLS and triclosan to the observed plaque reduction was uncertain because SLS exhibits a plaque-inhibiting effect in itself (2, 3), Triclosan could not be tested alone in the solvent systetn used in these studies because the lipidsoluble triclosan is not soluble in aqueous solutions without the presence of SLS, The aim ofthe present study was, therefore, to examine the plaque-inhibiting effect of triclosan alone, without the presence of SLS or other surfactants, Triclosan was dissolved in a water-free organic solvent, PG, and in alkali (0,5' M) sodium carbonate), which were both used as mouthrinses, Triclosan is soluble in both these vehicles without addition of SLS, Chlorhexidine (0,2%) and water rinses were included in the study as positive and negative controls, respectively. Material and methodsA test panel of 12 dental students participated in the pres...

NorwayWaaler SM, Rolla G, Kfaerheim V: Triclosan-containing mouthwashes -does the nature of the solvent influence their clinical effect? Scand J Dent Res 1994; 102: 46-9. © Munksgaard, 1994. ' The effect of triclosan on plaque inhibition was studied with various solvents. Eight subjects used the solutions as mouthwashes twice daily for 4 days while refraining from any other form of oral hygiene. Bacteriologic tests were also done with the same solutions. The study showed that the nature of the substance used to dissolve triclosan may be of clinical significance. Solutions of triclosan in polyethylene glycol, glyceroi, or 3% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) alone showed marked antiplaque effect. (The first two solutions both contained 1.5% SLS.) However, triclosan dissolved in Tween 80 had only a negligible clinical effect. In vitro experiment showed that antibacterial tests did not correlate well with clinical data. It is proposed that the nature ofthe micelles ofthe detergents which are used to dissolve triclosan is of significant importance. Strongly charged micelles such as SLS show clinical effect, whereas less charged micelles of SLS/Tween 80 or uncharged micelles of Tween 80 alone appear not to have this effect.