The plant species Pimpinella serbica (Vis.) Drude, endemic to West Balkans, belongs to the genus Pimpinella L. (Apiaceae) according to newer botanical classification. Initially, the plant has been described as Pancicia serbica Vis. and has long been considered as monotypic genus. Previous phytochemical investigations of this plant were limited to the essential oil analysis by GC-MS method. This is first study that includes LC-DAD-MS screening of the roots and aerial parts extracts, followed by the isolation of secondary metabolites using chromatographic techniques. Five compounds belonging to phenylpropanoids and polyacetylenes, well known for their bioactivities, were isolated and structurally determined by combined spectroscopic methods (UV, NMR, MS). Dillapiole (1), nothoapiole (2) and oplopantriol A 18-acetate (4) were found in both extracts, while falcarindiol (3) was isolated from the roots and dendrotrifidol (5) from the aerial parts only. The phytochemical profile of P. serbica L. supports its position in Pimpinella L. genus.
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