7 Young people, coming out and identity development Overview * Young people, sexuality and gender identity * Models of LGBTQ identity development * Sexual fluidity * Disclosure to family and friends * LGBTQ young people in school * Exploring identity and finding a community

Past studies that compare cisgender to transgender (or trans) and gender diverse people have found a higher prevalence of mental health problems among the latter groups. This paper utilises Testa's Gender Minority Stress Framework, which is an expansion of Minority Stress Theory to assess minority stressors that are specific to the experiences of trans and gender diverse people. The concept of cisnormativity, an ideology that positions cisgender identities as a norm, is used in relation to the Gender Minority Stress Framework to describe the marginalising nature of social environments for trans and gender diverse people. This paper provides a critical review that integrates and expands upon past theoretical perspectives on gender minority stressors and protective factors. Specifically, this paper demonstrates the relevance of cultural and ethnic backgrounds to complement the application of intersectionality in research on health disparities experienced by trans and gender diverse people.

Drawing on survey data from a UK study of trans people and mental health, the study presented here reports on the experiences of trans people in two health care settings: mental health services and gender identity clinics. An analysis of the primarily qualitative data indicates that in these settings practitioners tend to be poorly informed about trans issues and the realities of trans people's lives. The key observations of this study are that untreated gender dysphoria (due to delays or refusals of treatment), unnecessary and intrusive questioning/tests, prejudicial attitudes by service providers, and restrictive treatment pathways, all contribute to minority stress which is detrimental to the mental health and well-being of trans people.

1Diversity and inclusivity at university: A survey of the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) students in the UK. AbstractThe extent to which UK universities are 'gay friendly' has received some attention in the press. Whilst there are a number of published studies exploring campus climate for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans (LGBT) students and/or staff, these are primarily localised studies undertaken in State Universities and Baccalaureate Colleges in the US. The present study is a nationwide UK study of campus climate, based on survey data collected from a sample of 291LGBT students from 42 universities across the UK. The findings show that despite the increased implementation of an equality agenda (e.g. equal access; widening participation) in UK Higher Education, homophobia on campus is still a significant problem and therefore universities are not perceived nor experienced by LGBT students as 'safe spaces' in which to be open about sexual orientation/gender identity. The implications of the findings for university policy and practice in relation to LGBT (and indeed all) students is also explored. KeywordsDiversity and equal opportunities; Inclusivity; Higher Education; Homophobia; Lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans students.Diversity and Inclusivity at University 2 Diversity and inclusivity at university: A survey of the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) students in the UK.

No abstract