Oral habits are customs acquired by the repetition of a series of events that serve to calm an emotional need. Early diagnosis of these anomalous habits is crucial to the early prevention or correction of malocclusions. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of malocclusion in school and its possible relationship with the nutritive and non-nutritive habits. Design: Cross-sectional study on 113 school children with ages between 3 and 8 years old. Surveys were carried out from parents related to nutritional habits and non-nutritive. Results: The prevalence of children with malocclusion class II is 34.5%, followed by overjet (33.6%), cross bite (10.6%), open bite (9.7%) and the habits of lip interposition (15%), lingual habit (11.5%) and oral breath (7.1%). There is a statistically significant relationship (p˂0, 05) between the habit of snoring at night with the overjet (p = 0, 001), also with class II molar (p = 0.037) and with oral breath (p = 0.016). Finally, there is a statistically significant relationship between prolonged bottle habit (p = 0.047) with the posterior crossbite. Conclusions: The habits of nutritive and non-nutritive sucking in the early stages of the childhood, may be a risk factor for the development of class II molar, increased overjet and posterior crossbite malocclusion.
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) affects the first permanent molars and permanent incisors whose formative embryological process develops around birth and the first year of life. This study’s main objective is to assess the relationship between MIH, on the one hand, with the administration during childbirth of epidural bupivacaine, intramuscular meperidine with haloperidol, synthetic intravenous oxytocin, and prostaglandins such as dinoprostone vaginally, and on the other hand, with suffered pathologies during the first year of life. Cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out on 111 children who attended dental check-ups. Oral examination was carried out to determine MIH involvement. Data on the administration of medications during delivery and the illnesses suffered by the children in the first year of life were taken from the hospital records. Significant relationship with Pearson's chi-square was found between the presence of MIH and the administration of meperidine with haloperidol intramuscularly and the vaginal administration of dinoprostone during labour. Also in children who have suffered serious infections and those who have received antibiotics in early childhood. In recent years there has been a growing trend in many countries to medicalize childbirth even above what the World Health Organization recommends.
Some of the drugs used in these protocols could be involved in the appearance of dental mineralization alterations of the MIH type and this would help to explain the increase in its prevalence.
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