Background. Early childhood caries (ECC) is associated with early colonisation and high levels of cariogenic microorganisms. With C. albicans being one of those, there is a need to determine the effectiveness of various chemotherapeutic agents against it. The study is aimed at isolating Candida species in children with ECC and at studying the antifungal effect of coconut oil, probiotics, Lactobacillus, and 0.2% chlorhexidine on C. albicans in comparison with ketoconazole. Materials and Methods. Samples were collected using sterile cotton swabs, swabbed on the tooth surfaces from children with ECC of 3 to 6 yrs and streaked on Sabouraud dextrose agar (HI Media) plates and incubated in a 5% CO2 enriched atmosphere at 37°C for 24 hours. Candida was isolated and its susceptibility to probiotics, chlorhexidine, ketoconazole, and coconut oil was determined using Disc Diffusion method. Results. The mean zone of inhibition for chlorhexidine was 21.8 mm, whereas for coconut oil it was 16.8 mm, for probiotics it was 13.5 mm, and for ketoconazole it was 22.3 mm. The difference between the groups was not statistically significant (Chi-square value 7.42, P value 0.06). Conclusion. Chlorhexidine and coconut oil have shown significant antifungal activity which is comparable with ketoconazole.
Aim: To evaluate the level of knowledge of the sports school students about the traumatic injuries to teeth, its prevention and management. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 155 children of age group 13- 17 years who were the inmates of sports school in Kannur district. A structured interview was used to determine the prevalence of dental injuries associated with the sports activity they were engaged, its preventive measures, management and the awareness of the use of mouth guards were also assessed. Results: Among the participants only 18.7% of the group were suffered from accidents involving the teeth and oral region. Out of the total participants, majority had tooth fracture. Only 9.03% of total participant would take a chance to replant the tooth. The transport media chosen for avulsed tooth were, 15.1% in a flask with saline , 14.2% in a flask with water ,and only 4.2% in a flask with milk. Out of the total participants, 69.6% know about the usage of mouth guards during sports practice and only 10.3% use it during sports activity. Conclusion: There is a lack of knowledge on prevention and management of sports related dental injuries among the sports school students of Kannur district. Hence there is a need for developing awareness programs and training on first aid to dental trauma related to sports activities among the sports students.
Introduction: Saliva is emerging as a diagnostic tool in the field of dentistry. The changes in salivary composition, its physical and chemical properties determine the state of both oral and general health. Chemical plaque control measures improve oral health, by effectively controlling the microbial load in the dental plaque and these agents are thought to alter the properties of saliva. Oil pulling with edible oils has proved to be an adjunct to routine oral hygiene methods to improve oral health. Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of oil pulling therapy with sesame oil and virgin coconut oil with Chlorhexidine (CHX) gargling and plain water gargling on pH, buffering capacity, and total antioxidant capacity of saliva. Materials and Methods: A four armed randomised controlled study was conducted in 80 female children in the age group of 12-14 years from July 2019 to December 2019 in Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Kannur Dental College, Anjarakandy, Kannur, Kerala, India. Children with mild to moderate gingivitis were selected and assigned into four groups to use different types of mouth rinsing (Group A: chlorhexidine, Group B: sesame oil , Group C: virgin coconut oil and Group D: plain water as control) for one month. Unstimulated whole saliva, collected from these participants were evaluated for the changes in pH, buffering capacity and total antioxidant capacity, at baseline and at 30 days. The data were tabulated and statistical analysis was done using ANOVA (Post-hoc), followed by Dunnet t-test, using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 version. Tukey post-hoc test was done to identify the significant pairs. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 13.4 years. Intragroup comparisons showed there were statistically significant changes in the baseline to 30th day values of gingival index, values, antioxidant capacity and buffering capacity for all the experimental groups (p<0.05). Coconut oil pulling (p=0.0345) and sesame oil pulling (p=0.026) and CHX gargling (p=0.045) showed statistically significant changes in salivary buffering capacity when compared to the control. On intergroup comparisons of experimental groups, there was no statistical difference in antioxidant capacity, salivary buffering capacity and pH of the saliva (p>0.05). Conclusion: Oil pulling with coconut oil and sesame oil had equal effectiveness as CHX on the antioxidant capacity and buffering capacity of saliva.
Within the confines of the present study, it can be concluded that there is no significant association between overweight and dental caries among the schoolchildren of Mangaluru district in Karnataka. Longitudinal studies are necessary to substantiate the possible relationships between dental caries and overweight in children. Knowledge of these relationships could lead to preventive health measures designed to reduce the prevalence of both obesity and dental caries.
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